El Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad FinisTerrae, es gestionado por el Sistema de Bibliotecas y tiene por objetivo permitir el acceso libre a la producción académica e institucional de la Universidad, aumentando la visibilidad de sus contenidos y garantizando su conservación.

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Formación en competencias informacionales e investigativas con el uso de IA en clases de bioética
(Elsevier, 2025) López-Soto, Paulo; Santos, Manuel; Herrrera, Nolly; William, Carolina
Introducción: El Proyecto de Formación en Competencias Informacionales e Investigativas con IA en Bioética surge como iniciativa innovadora para fortalecer habilidades investigativas de estudiantes mediante su integración en el aprendizaje. Implementado como un programa piloto, este proyecto adopta un enfoque basado en proyectos en el cual los estudiantes desarrollan competencias a través de cuatro módulos de trabajo. Material y métodos: Este estudio mixto se desarrolló en tres etapas: teoría, implementación y análisis, dentro de un curso de bioética. Participaron 33 estudiantes de diversas carreras. Se aplicaron talleres sobre métodos de investigación tradicionales y el uso de IA (ChatGPT, Citavi y Connected Papers) de manera alternada. Se emplearon cuestionarios, entrevistas y pautas de cotejo validadas por expertos. El análisis cuantitativo consideró calificaciones y percepciones, y el cualitativo identificó patrones a través de codificación temática en Dedoose. Resultados: Los resultados evidencian una valoración positiva de la IA frente a una menor apreciación de los métodos tradicionales. El análisis cualitativo reveló categorías que destacan tanto beneficios como desafíos, incluyendo la eficiencia de la IA y la resistencia al cambio. Aunque algunos valoran la familiaridad de los métodos tradicionales, la IA demostró mejorar calificaciones y competencias investigativas. Conclusión: Se concluye que una integración equilibrada de IA y métodos tradicionales potencia el aprendizaje en bioética. En esta experiencia no solo se mejora la calidad del aprendizaje, sino que también sienta las bases para una posible replicación en otras áreas de la educación superior. Introduction. The Training Project in Informational and Research Competencies with AI in Bioethics emerges as an innovative initiative aimed at strengthening students’ research skills through theintegration of artificial intelligence in their learning processes. Implemented as a pilot program, the project adopts a project-based learning approach in which students develop competencies through four work modules. Materials and Methods. This mixed-methods study was carried out in three stages: theory, implementation, and analysis, within a bioethics course. A total of 33 students from various academic programs participated. Workshops were conducted on both traditional research methods and the use of AI tools (ChatGPT, Citavi, and Connected Papers), applied alternately. Validated questionnaires, interviews, and checklists were used. Quantitative analysis focused on grades and student perceptions, while qualitative analysis identified patterns through thematic coding using Dedoose. Results. The findings reveal a positive perception of AI compared to a lower appreciation of traditional methods. The qualitative analysis highlighted categories reflecting both the benefits and challenges of each approach, including AI's efficiency and student resistance to change. While some students preferred traditional methods due to familiarity, AI proved effective in improving grades and research competencies. Conclusion. The study concludes that a balanced integration of AI and traditional methods enhances learning in bioethics. This experience not only improves the quality of l
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Tratamientos afirmativos a niños, niñas y adolescentes que se identifican como transgénero y su sustento empírico en las políticas públicas chilenas
(Universidad Finis Terrae, 2025) Rojas Saffie, Juan Pablo
En los últimos meses se ha levantado una discusión a nivel nacional de las políticas públicas sobre los tratamientos médicos para NNA que se definen como transgénero o género no conforme. Un reportaje publicado en la Radio BíoBío se ha sumado a la liberación del Informe Cass (Cass Report), reporte comisionado por el National Health Service (NHS) de Reino Unido que, basado en 8 revisiones sistemáticas de literatura científica, recomendó suspender la administración de bloqueadores de la pubertad en niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA), ya que la evidencia científica que los ampara sería “débil”, “pobre”, “de baja calidad”. En Chile, el Ministerio de Salud puso en marcha el año 2021 el Programa de Acompañamiento para niños, niñas y adolescentes trans y género no-conforme (PAIG), y el año 2023 el Programa de Salud Transgénero (PST), que ofrece tratamientos médicos a niños desde los 10 años de edad. Estos programas se basan en un conjunto de documentos públicos donde se detallan las prestaciones y se presenta el marco teórico que justifica el modelo de abordaje. Considerando la relevancia y actualidad del tema, resulta atingente analizar el tipo de evidencia que se ha utilizado para respaldar la implementación de estas iniciativas, a la luz del detallado análisis que realizó el Informe Cass.
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Impact of different exercise modalities on mitophagy in human skeletal muscle
(Elsevier, 2025) Muñoz-Medina, Cristóbal; Carriel-Nesvara, Alfonso; Botella, Javier; Castro-Sepulveda, Mauricio
Exercise induces profound mitochondrial adaptations in skeletal muscle, with different modalities uniquely influencing different branches of mitochondrial quality control (MQC). This review examines how endurance, resistance, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) regulate mitophagy, the selective degradation of damaged mitochondria, in skeletal muscle (SkM). Research in rodents has shown that endurance exercise upregulates mitophagy primarily through the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling axis, promoting mitochondrial turnover and ensuring metabolic efficiency. In humans, high-intensity exercise increases mitophagy to a larger extent when compared to traditional endurance exercises. On the other hand, resistance exercise triggers alternative MQC mechanisms, including potential mitochondrial ejection. Collectively, these results suggest that mitophagy and MQC pathways are regulated in human SkM following exercise, but the specific molecular pathways seem to be specific to each exercise mode. Future studies should aim at disentangling the multiple mitophagy and MQC pathways in human SkM following exercise.
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Multi-User Virtual Reality Tool for Remote Communication in Construction Projects: Bridge Maintenance Application
(MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute), 2025-09-08) Montecinos-Orellana, Sofía; Muñoz La Rivera, Felipe; Mora-Serrano, Javier; Ubach de Fuentes, Pere-Andreu; Bopp Ibar, María-Jesús
Effective communication between construction sites and engineering or architectural offices is critical to the success of construction projects, particularly in the maintenance of critical infrastructure such as bridges. In scenarios where distance limits the physical presence of specialists, Requests for Information (RFIs) are the primary formal exchange tool. However, issues such as incomplete data, poor quality, or delayed responses often lead to significant project delays. This study proposes a multi-user Virtual Reality (VR) platform to optimize communication workflows in these contexts. Using the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM), an immersive environment was developed to connect up to 20 users simultaneously, integrating BIM models with support for technical details, language, and contextual factors. The tool was validated through a case study focused on the maintenance of a railway bridge, where five real RFIs were simulated. Results show that the immersive experience enhances spatial understanding, improves remote collaboration, and accelerates decision-making. Users highlighted the sense of presence and perceived usefulness, positioning this tool as an effective alternative to overcome communication barriers in geographically distributed infrastructure maintenance.
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Comprehensive Structural, Electronic, and Biological Characterization of fac-[Re(CO)3(5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthroline)Br]: X-Ray, Aromaticity, Electrochemistry, and HeLa Cell Viability
(MPDI, 2025-12-21) Carreño, Alexander; Artigas, Vania; Ancede-Gallardo, Evys; Morales-Guevara, Rosaly; Leyva-Parra, Luis; Luis Leyva-Parra; Martí, Angel A.; Videla, Camila; Otero, María Carolina; Gacitúa, Manuel
The rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complex fac-[Re(CO)3(5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthroline)Br] (ReL) has previously demonstrated promising luminescent properties, enabling its direct application as a probe for walled cells such as Candida albicans and Salmonella enterica. In this new study, we present a significantly expanded and comprehensive characterization of ReL, incorporating a wide range of experimental and computational techniques not previously reported. These include variable-temperature 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, CH-COSY, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT calculations, Fukui functions, non-covalent interaction (NCI) indices, and electrochemical profiling. Structural analysis confirmed a pseudo-octahedral geometry with the bromide ligand positioned cis to the epoxy group. NMR data revealed the coexistence of cis and trans isomers in solution, with the trans form being slightly more stable. DFT calculations and aromaticity descriptors indicated minimal electronic differences between isomers, supporting their unified treatment in subsequent analyses. Electrochemical studies revealed two oxidation and two reduction events, consistent with ECE and EEC mechanisms, including a Re(I) → Re(0) transition at −1.50 V vs. SCE. Theoretical redox potentials showed strong agreement with experimental data. Biological assays revealed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells, contrasting with previously reported low toxicity in microbial systems. These findings, combined with ReL’s luminescent and antimicrobial properties, underscore its multifunctional nature and highlight its potential as a bioactive and imaging agent for advanced therapeutic and microbiological applications.