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Accurate prognostic awareness is associated with increased emotional distress in Latino patients with advanced cancer
(Cambridge University Press, 2025) Pérez-Cruz, Pedro E.; San Martín, María Jesús; Palacio, Josefa; Tupper-Satt, Laura; González-Otaíza, Marcela; Repetto, Paula
Objectives. To describe the frequency of prognostic awareness (PA) in a population of advanced cancer patients in a Latino community and to explore the relationship between accurate PA with emotional distress and other covariates. Methods. In this cross-sectional study performed in Puente Alto, Chile, advanced cancer patients in palliative care completed a survey that included a single question to assess PA (Do you believe your cancer is curable? yes/no). Patients reporting that their cancer was not curable were considered as having accurate PA. Demographics, emotional distress, quality of life, and patient perception of treatment goals were also assessed. Analyses to explore associations between PA and patient variables were adjusted. Results. A total of 201 patients were included in the analysis. Mean age was 65, 50% female. One hundred and three patients (51%) reported an accurate PA. In the univariate analysis, accurate PA was associated with not having a partner (p = 0.012), increased emotional distress (p = 0.013), depression (p = 0.003), and were less likely to report that the goal of the treatment was to get rid of the cancer (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, patients with accurate PA had higher emotional distress or depression, were less likely to have a partner, and to report that the goal of the treatment was to get rid of the cancer. Significance of results. Half of a population of Latino advanced cancer patients reported an accurate PA. Accurate PA was associated with increased emotional distress, which is similar to what has been reported in other countries. Weaknesses in prognostic disclosure by clinicians, local cultural factors, or higher motivation to seek prognostic information among distressedcancer patients could explain this association. Strategies to emotionally support patients when discussing prognostic information should be implemented.
Allport, Aristotle and Aquinas: an interdisciplinary definition of personality
(Elsevier, 2024-06-01) Rojas Saffie, Juan Pablo; García-Matte, Nicolás; Silva-Beyer, Vicente
Countless definitions of personality have been proposed throughout history. As a consequence, contemporary psychology lacks a definition that elicits broad consensus and avoids ambiguity. To overcome this difficulty it seems beneficial to draw on the field of philosophical anthropology, as an epistemologically prior and more general discipline. Understanding that a single manuscript cannot achieve consensus, an interdisciplinary contribution is proposed through a dialogue between two definitions of personality. On the one hand, that elaborated by the father of personality psychology, Gordon Allport, which is the best known and most cited of all. On the other hand, the one developed by Martín Echavarría, inspired by the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition. From this interdisciplinary dialogue, a variant of Echavarría’s definition and a brief definition of personality are proposed. It is expected that this contribution would not only help to the study of personality, but also to the interdisciplinary development of the discipline of psychology.
Aportes de la Psicología integral de la persona para la comprensión de la afectividad humana
(Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino, 2022-06-28) Rojas Saffie, Juan Pablo
Tras una breve consideración de las principales concepciones de la Psicología contemporánea acerca de la afectividad humana, se presenta a la Psicología integral de la persona como un meta-modelo capaz de iluminar y poner orden en el conocimiento actual acerca de los afectos. En concreto, se proponen seis aportes a la comprensión de la vida afectiva, a partir de la consideración de (1) la relación de los grados de vida humana con la afectividad, (2) la relación de la afectividad con el resto de las potencias del alma, (3) la relación de los afectos entre sí, (4) la relación de los afectos con la realidad, (5) la relación de los afectos, en especial del amor-pondus, con el conjunto de la personalidad y (6) la relación de los afectos con la dimensión moral.
Cocaine polydrug use and its impact on intentional harm recognition: a highdensity EEG study
(Springer Nature, 2025-08-14) Morales Sepúlveda, Juan Pablo; Van Dam, Nicholas T.; Huepe-Artigas, Daniela; Rivera-Rei, Álvaro; San-Martin, Consuelo; Rojas-Thomas, Felipe; Valdés, Joaquín; Ibáñez, Agustín; Huepe, David
Background Cocaine and stimulant consumption constitute a significant global issue and are associated with impaired social skills. However, the relationship between substance abuse and intentional harm recognition remains unclear. Intentional harm recognition is a crucial social cognitive ability that allows individuals to determine whether a harmful action performed by another person is deliberate or accidental. Methods The present study examined self-reported, behavioural, and neural responses associated with intentional harm recognition in n = 19 cocaine polydrug users (COC) and n = 19 healthy controls (HC). High-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) was used to measure brain activity during an Intentional Inference Task (IIT), which assesses fast intention recognition in scenarios involving deliberate or unintentional harm to people and objects. This study took place between 2014 and 2015 in Santiago, Chile. Results Behaviorally, COC exhibited slower reaction times (RT) than HC. Event-related potential (ERP) analysis revealed late frontal differences in HC when attributing intentional harm, while these differences were absent in COC. Conclusions These findings suggest a potential shift in COC towards emotional over-involvement and away from rational cognitive assessment of social information. The present results provide new insights into the recognition of intentional harm processing in cocaine polydrug users and highlight the potential clinical benefits of interventions focused on socio-emotional regulation training.
La communication tactile au sein de la triade père-mère-bébé
(Elsevier, 2022-11) Letot, Jessica; Muzard, Antonia; Olhaberry, Marcia; Franco, Pamela; Devouche, Emmanuel
This literature review focuses on tactile interactions between parents and their infants. Research on the dyad has explored both cultural differences in touch and the relationship between touch style and hormonal secretion in both parents. The few studies that have examined this communicative modality within the triad have investigated the frequency and type of parent-infant touch, as well as the effect of skin-to-skin contact on tactile interactions at three months postpartum.
Contextual & physiological markers for individual distress (CP-MIND). Brain health as a comprehensive framework for Mental-health equity
(Elsevier, 2026) Morales Sepúlveda, Juan Pablo; Macchiavello, Fiorella; Rojas-Thomas, Felipe
Socioeconomic disadvantage shapes brain–mind health by intensifying exposures, resource scarcity, nutritional insecurity, violence, and weak social support, which dysregulate stress and immune systems. These conditions promote allostatic overload, whereby adaptive stress responses become maladaptive, degrading neural circuits for cognitive control and emotion regulation. In parallel, the microbiota–gut–brain axis links contextual adversity and diet quality to inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and neuroendocrine perturbations that further compromise resilience. Converging evidence connects these biological disruptions to structural and functional brain differences and higher risks of depression, anxiety, stress-related syndromes, and later neurodegeneration. While some sociocultural adaptations may bolster cooperation and communal coping, chronic physiological strain undermines durable resilience. This integrative review advances a combined framework, contextual & physiological markers for Individual distress, nested within a brain–mind health perspective, to organise how socioeconomic disadvantage-related exposures are embedded biologically via allostatic and microbiota–gut–brain axis pathways and manifest as social-cognitive difficulties and affective symptoms. We synthesise evidence across behaviour, neural systems, and systemic physiology to identify leverage points for intervention. Priorities include early multi-domain strategies that reduce chronic stressors; strengthen sleep, nutrition, and social cohesion; and test mechanistic interventions (e.g., allostatic regulation, psychobiotic or dietary modulation) within equity-focused, life-course designs. Understanding how contextual and physiological markers interact is essential for designing effective, scalable policies and clinical approaches that mitigate adversity’s neurobiological impact and reduce long-term disparities in brain–mind health.
Digital use of standardised assessment tools for children and adolescents: can available paper-based questionnaires be used free of charge in electronic format?
(BioMed Central, 2022-06-03) Cottin, Marianne; Blum, Kathrin; Konjufca, Jon; Quevedo, Yamil; Kaaya, Sylvia; Behn, Alex; Schmeck, Klaus; Sharp, Carla; Zimmermann, Ronan
Question: Most adolescents live in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), and about 10% of them face mental problems. The mental health provision gap in low- and middle-income countries could be addressed by evidence- based practices, however costs are implementational barriers. Digitalization can improve the accessibility of these tools and constitutes a chance for LMIC to use them more easily at a low cost. We reviewed free and brief evidence- based mental health assessment tools available for digital use to assess psychopathology across different domains in youth. Methods: For the current study, instruments from a recent review on paper-based instruments were re-used. Addi- tionally, a systematic search was conducted to add instruments for the personality disorder domain. We searched and classified the copyright and license terms available from the internet in terms of free usage and deliverability in a digital format. In the case that this information was insufficient, we contacted the authors. Results: In total, we evaluated 109 instruments. Of these instruments, 53 were free and digitally usable covering 11 mental health domains. However, retrieving information on copyright and license terms was very difficult. Conclusions: Free and digitally adaptable instruments are available, supporting the strategy of using instruments digitally to increase access. The instrument’s authors support this initiative, however, the lack of copyright information and the difficulties in contacting the authors and licence holders are barriers to using this strategy in LMIC. A compre- hensive, online instrument repository for clinical practice would be an appropriate next step to make the instruments more accessible and reduce implementation barriers.
Directoras y directores escolares frente a la Ley de Inclusión escolar en Chile: entre compromiso, conformismo y resistencia.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Facultad de Educación. , 2021-04-28) Salas-Guzmán, Natalia; Rojas Fabris, María Teresa; Rodríguez, José Ignacio
El artículo comunica los resultados de una investigación realizada en Chile sobre las disposiciones de directoras y directores frente a la Ley de Inclusión Escolar, regulación que promueve la desegregación escolar y que comenzó en 2016. Considerando el enfoque del liderazgo inclusivo y de justicia social, el estudio se construyó a partir de una encuesta en línea a 157 directoras/es de cuatro ciudades. Dado su carácter exploratorio, se siguió un diseño cuantitativo no experimental con un alcance descriptivo. Los resultados muestran que las y los directores comparten los principios de esta política, pero prevén que tendrán problemas por la falta de capacitación de las y los profesores y por las tensiones que supone implementar políticas de inclusión en un sistema escolar que mide la calidad a partir de pruebas estandarizadas. Se propone que las y los directores manifiestan compromiso con los principios de la política, pero a la vez un conformismo y resistencia con sus implicancias más específicas, pues no aprecian que esta modifique las lógicas de funcionamiento de sus escuelas.
El ordenamiento de los deseos a partir de la práctica de las virtudes y el desarrollo del razonamiento práctico. Una propuesta para el florecimiento humano desde el pensamiento de Alasdair Macintyre
(Kriterion, 2025-12-29) León Rugeles, Franklin
Este ensayo pretende mostrar, en los actuales tiempos de emotivismo, que es posible orientar los deseos humanos a partir de la adquisición de las virtudes y del adecuado razonamiento práctico. En contraste con la tesis de Hume, que afirma que son las pasiones quienes mueven la actuación del ser humano, estas reflexiones muestran, a partir del pensamiento de MacIntyre, que el ser humano posee facultades, moldeadas por su cultura y contexto histórico, que le permiten jerarquizar sus deseos y transitar hacia el propio florecimiento humano. Para ello se parte definiendo términos, diferenciando instintos, tendencias y deseos. Una vez aclarado cómo se conciben los deseos, y con ello escapando a la posibilidad de quedarse entrampado en un determinismo biológico, se explica la concepción de las virtudes en MacIntyre, para entender cómo estas son indispensables para ordenar los propios deseos. En un tercer momento se expone en qué consiste el razonamiento práctico, la posibilidad de error cuando se discierne y cómo entrenarse en el acertado uso de esta razón. Se concluye resaltando la posibilidad y la importancia del ordenamiento de los deseos para el propio desarrollo de la persona y su comunidad.
Emotional intelligence and authentic leadership. A comparative study of university students in Chile, Spain and Mexico
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2025) Lomboy Finsterbusch, Maven; López González, Jorge
The research consists of a comparative study on emotional intelligence and authentic leadership in university students in Mexico, Chile and Spain. The research concludes that it is relevant to incorporate emotional intelligence in leadership education without distinction by gender or degree program. Integrating both perspectives favours the consideration of emotions Integrating both perspectives favors the consideration of emotions in the education of emotionally intelligent leadership. It also indicates the importance of adopting different educational strategies in different countries/universities, considering the key role of the dimensions Use of Emotion and Selfawareness, as well as the need to promote the education of interpersonal competencies that are currently underdeveloped compared to intrapersonal competencies.
Emotional self-regulation and personality in the light of Thomas Aquinas’s philosophical anthropology
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2024-05-31) Rojas Saffie, Juan Pablo; García-Matte, Nicolás
This article aims to thoroughly understand the concept of emotional selfregulation (ESR) and its relationship with personality. Through an interdisciplinary dialogue between psychology and philosophy—specifically, the anthropology of Thomas Aquinas—three realities are proposed that could be considered as ESR. The conceptual relationship between ESR—understood as operation, faculty and habit—and personality is examined, specifically using the Five-Factor Model and the virtues model. Key findings include the need for consensus on a precise definition of ESR, the central role of reason as a faculty capable of ruling over emotions, the relevance of the distinction between ESR and selfcontrol, and the understanding of ESR as a set of habits that include aspects of prudence, temperance and fortitude. Interdisciplinary dialogue seems to be a valuable intellectual approach to the advancement of the field of psychology.
Etiology of gender incongruence and its levels of evidence: A scoping review protocol
(Public Library of Science, 2023-03-13) Rojas Saffie, Juan Pablo; Eyzaguirre Baüerle, Nicolás
Introduction Gender Incongruence refers to the discordance between biological sex and gender identity. Although it is possible to find literature reviews about the etiology of Gender Incongruence, almost all of these correspond to non-systematic narrative reviews, so they do not make explicit the methodology used in the collection and analysis of sources, even less its levels of evidence. In order to remedy this, we will conduct a scoping review to answer the question: what are the factors associated with gender incongruence and what level of evidence is there for each factor in the scientific literature? Methods and analysis We will conduct a scoping review according to the methodology specified in the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis (Chapter 11) and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Four databases will be reviewed to identify papers that match our search criteria, followed by a screening of titles and abstracts, the complete reading of those articles that have not been excluded, and the coding of these using the data extraction instrument developed for this research (see S1 Appendix). Data extracted will be analyzed in terms of frequency counts of factors, types of factors and levels of evidence for each factor. Results will be presented in tabular or diagrammatic forms supported by a narrative summary. Findings The present review will help to map the factors associated with incongruence between biological sex and gender identity, specifying their levels of evidence. This evidence-based knowledge will be useful for clinicians evaluating gender incongruence, especially given that international guidelines recommend careful assessment of factors that may interfere with the clarity of gender identity development and decision making.
Impact of acute psychosocial stress on attentional control in humans: a study of evoked potentials and pupillary response
(Elsevier, 2023-07-25) Rojas, Felipe; Artigas, Claudio; Wainstein, Gabriel; Arriagada, M; Soto, Daniel; Dagnino, Alexis; Silva, Jaime; Lopez, Vladimir; Morales Sepúlveda, Juan Pablo
Psychosocial stress has increased considerably in our modern lifestyle, affecting global mental health. Deficits in attentional control are cardinal features of stress disorders and pathological anxiety. Studies suggest that changes in the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system could underlie the effects of stress on top-down attentional control. However, the impact of psychosocial stress on attentional processes and its underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of psychosocial stress on attentional processing and brain signatures. Evoked potentials and pupillary activity related to the oddball auditory paradigm were recorded before and after applying the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST). Electrocardiogram (ECG), salivary cortisol, and subjective anxiety/stress levels were measured at different experimental periods. The control group experienced the same physical and cognitive effort but without the psychosocial stress component. The results showed that stressed subjects exhibited decreased P3a and P3b amplitude, pupil phasic response, and correct responses. On the other hand, they displayed an increase in Mismatch Negativity (MMN). N1 amplitude after MIST only decreased in the control group. We found that differences in P3b amplitude between the first and second oddball were significantly correlated with pupillary dilation and salivary cortisol levels. Our results suggest that under social-evaluative threat, basal activity of the coeruleus-norepinephrine system increases, enhancing alertness and decreasing voluntary attentional resources for the cognitive task. These findings contribute to understanding the neurobiological basis of attentional changes in pathologies associated with chronic psychosocial stress.
The impact of loneliness and social adaptation on depressive symptoms: Behavioral and brain measures evidence from a brain health perspective
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-03-13) Franco-O´Byrne, Daniel; Gonzalez-Gomez, Raul; Morales Sepúlveda, Juan Pablo; Vergara, Mayte; Ibáñez, Agustín; Huepe, David
IntroductionEarly detection of depression is a cost-effective way to prevent adverse outcomes on brain physiology, cognition, and health. Here we propose that loneliness and social adaptation are key factors that can anticipate depressive symptoms.MethodsWe analyzed data from two separate samples to evaluate the associations between loneliness, social adaptation, depressive symptoms, and their neural correlates.ResultsFor both samples, hierarchical regression models on self-reported data showed that loneliness and social adaptation have negative and positive effects on depressive symptoms. Moreover, social adaptation reduces the impact of loneliness on depressive symptoms. Structural connectivity analysis showed that depressive symptoms, loneliness, and social adaptation share a common neural substrate. Furthermore, functional connectivity analysis demonstrated that only social adaptation was associated with connectivity in parietal areas.DiscussionAltogether, our results suggest that loneliness is a strong risk factor for depressive symptoms while social adaptation acts as a buffer against the ill effects of loneliness. At the neuroanatomical level, loneliness and depression may affect the integrity of white matter structures known to be associated to emotion dysregulation and cognitive impairment. On the other hand, socio-adaptive processes may protect against the harmful effects of loneliness and depression. Structural and functional correlates of social adaptation could indicate a protective role through long and short-term effects, respectively. These findings may aid approaches to preserve brain health via social participation and adaptive social behavior.
Is PTSD symptomatology a mechanism of emotional regulation? Insights from an interdisciplinary point of view
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2025-01-17) Rojas Saffie, Juan Pablo; Álamos-Vial, Nicolás; Pinzón-Merchán, Manuela
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology has historically been considered a psychic ailment that is part of a mental disorder. However, it has often been proposed that it could play an adaptive role, in that it would prevent individuals from being exposed to content or situations that they would not be prepared to process. Within the literature on emotional regulation (ER), PTSD symptomatology has commonly been linked to the concept of emotional dysregulation (ED). However, some definitions open the possibility that traumatic symptomatology could be considered ER, from which delicate conclusions would follow. To resolve this dilemma, we turn to interdisciplinary dialogue, specifically with the aid of Thomistic anthropology, whose concepts allow us to understand precisely the relationship between voluntary and involuntary processes and the close relationship between the concepts of reason and regulation. Even though part of the PTSD symptomatology involves psychic mechanisms aimed at modifying emotional states, it is concluded that it is necessary to continue conceptualizing it as ED. The theoretical and practical implications of this discussion are reviewed.
La amistad como piedra angular de la vida política en el pensamiento de Aristóteles
(Universidad Finis Terrae, 2026-03-15) León Rugeles, Franklin
La presente disertación analiza la naturaleza racional y política del ser humano desde la perspectiva de Aristóteles, examinando cómo la aspiración al "vivir bien" halla su expresión natural en la ciudad, entendida esta como la manifestación máxima de la sociabilidad humana. El estudio se inicia explorando las limitaciones de la existencia individual, planteando la necesidad de la vida política como un entorno fundado esencialmente en la amistad. Se postula que la autosuficiencia humana es inalcanzable de forma aislada, requiriendo de la estructura comunitaria para el desarrollo pleno de las potencias racionales del individuo. En un segundo apartado, la investigación profundiza en la interdependencia estructural entre la ética y la política. En este marco, la amistad se erige como la piedra angular que posibilita la vida virtuosa dentro de la pólis, actuando como el vínculo que garantiza la justicia entre los ciudadanos y la felicidad colectiva. Para el Estagirita, la práctica de la virtud no es un ejercicio solitario, sino una dinámica relacional que requiere del "otro" —el amigo— para ser ejercida y favorecida. Así, la amistad se constituye como el factor determinante en la conexión ética-política: la vida buena de la ciudad solo se alcanza mediante la agrupación de personas que comparten un lazo de amistad previa. Este trinomio —amistad, ética y política— define el ejercicio de la ciudadanía y la estabilidad de la comunidad. Finalmente, el trabajo concluye reflexionando sobre la vigencia contemporánea de esta propuesta. Se analiza la actualidad de la amistad como fundamento de la vida social, sugiriendo que la recuperación de este vínculo ético es fundamental para repensar la cohesión y el sentido de la convivencia en las sociedades modernas.
La dimensión racional en la terapia EMDR
(Universidad Finis Terrae, 2025-06-26) Rojas-Saffie, Juan Pablo
Se examina críticamente teoría y práctica del modelo EMDR, a la luz de la dimensión racional de la persona. Se exponen brevemente el modelo creado por Francine Shapiro y la antropología de Santo Tomás de Aquino. El análisis del modelo EMDR nos permite entenderlo en el contexto de las terapias cognitivo-conductuales, fuertemente influenciadas por positivismo, materialismo, evolucionismo y teoría de la información, e identificar que su antropología subyacente reduce la totalidad de la vida humana a su corporeidad. En definitiva, prescinde de la dimensión racional. No ocurre así con el método EMDR. La presencia objetiva de elementos racionales en el Protocolo Estándar demuestra que es errónea la concepción del modelo EMDR como una intervención exclusivamente sensible o fisiológica. Por otra parte, permite explicar, al menos en parte, algunos efectos positivos que este abordaje tiene en los pacientes. La herencia filosófica de la antropología subyacente sobre el protocolo estándar es eludible mediante algunas modificaciones al protocolo, y bajo la conducción de un terapeuta formado en una antropología integral de la persona
La participación política en tiempos actuales: planteamiento, problemas y alcances: Una revisión crítica a la luz de Alasdair Macintyre
(Universidad del Zulia, 2023) León Rugeles, Franklin
En este ensayo se presenta, en un primer momento, el escenario político actual, en el que las democracias representativas aparecen como las formas de gobierno predominantes. Seguidamente, se explica la crisis política que atraviesan los sistemas políticos actuales. Luego se da cuenta del auge de la participación ciudadana. En segunda instancia, se exponen las ventajas y desventajas que puede ofrecer la democracia participativa. En un tercer momento, se presenta la concepción de la participación conducente para el florecimiento humano, desde el filósofo escocés: Alasdair MacIntyre. Por último, este estudio muestra la necesidad de ir más allá de una participación instrumental. This essay first presents the current political scenario, in which representative democracies appear as the predominant forms of government. It then explains the political crisis that the current political systems are going through. Then it is realized the rise of citizen participation. Second, the advantages and disadvantages of participatory democracy are discussed. At a third stage, the conception of participation conducive to human flourishing is presented, from the Scottish philosopher: Alasdair MacIntyre. Finally, this study shows the need to go beyond instrumental participation.
Los conflictos de deseos: un camino posible para la maduración humana
(International Society for Universal Dialogue, 2025) León Rugeles, Franklin; Eyzaguirre Baüerle, Nicolás
En este ensayo se argumentará a favor de la tesis que sostiene que los conflictos de deseos son una vía de acceso necesaria para el florecimiento humano. Para demostrar esta afirmación se define, en primer lugar, qué es un conflicto de deseos, además se explican los criterios que permiten su clasificación. Esta aclaración inicial permitirá comprender el motivo por el que los conflictos de deseos son importantes en la vida humana, sus múltiples causas, y cómo éstas se prestan para distinguir las distintas clases de conflictos de deseos. En un segundo momento se explican las posibles consecuencias de los conflictos de deseos, es decir, lo que sucede cuando no se resuelven adecuadamente, y los perjurios que traen a la salud integral de la persona cuando no son enfrentados de forma asertiva. En un tercer momento se describen los caminos para poder madurar como seres humanos a partir del dominio y ordenamiento de los propios deseos. Para ello se muestran las alternativas posibles para poder resolver estos conflictos, con lo que se evitaría la obstrucción de la maduración de la persona, y el logro de su madurez integral, en todos sus ámbitos. Con la visualización de estas herramientas será posible caminar hacia la transformación de los conflictos de deseos en posibilidades de florecimiento humano, a partir del desarrollo de las facultades con las que cuenta el hombre para poder salir airoso en estos escenarios de duda y confrontación. This paper argues that desire conflicts are a necessary gateway for human flourishing. To demonstrate this, a definition of what a desire conflict is given. This initial clarification will explain why desire conflicts are relevant for human life, their multiple causes, and how the latter constitute a valuable criterion for distinguishing its different kinds. This is followed by an explanation of the possible consequences of desire conflicts, i.e., what happens when they are not adequately resolved, and the damage they cause to a person’s overall health when they are not assertively addressed. Lastly, the pathways to flouring as human beings are described based on the control and ordering of desires.
The neurocognitive impact of loneliness and social networks on social adaptation
(Springer Nature, 2023-07-25) Franco-O'Byrne, Daniel; Morales Sepúlveda, Juan Pablo; González-Gómez, Raul; Ibáñez, Agustín; Huepe-Artigas, Daniela; Matus, Cristian; Manen, Ruth; Fittipadi, Sol; Huepe, David
Social adaptation arises from the interaction between the individual and the social environment. However, little empirical evidence exists regarding the relationship between social contact and social adaptation. We propose that loneliness and social networks are key factors explaining social adaptation. Sixty-four healthy subjects with no history of psychiatric conditions participated in this study. All participants completed self-report questionnaires about loneliness, social network, and social adaptation. On a separate day, subjects underwent a resting state fMRI recording session. A hierarchical regression model on self-report data revealed that loneliness and social network were negatively and positively associated with social adaptation. Functional connectivity (FC) analysis showed that loneliness was associated with decreased FC between the fronto-amygdalar and fronto-parietal regions. In contrast, the social network was positively associated with FC between the fronto-temporo-parietal network. Finally, an integrative path model examined the combined effects of behavioral and brain predictors of social adaptation. The model revealed that social networks mediated the effects of loneliness on social adaptation. Further, loneliness-related abnormal brain FC (previously shown to be associated with difficulties in cognitive control, emotion regulation, and sociocognitive processes) emerged as the strongest predictor of poor social adaptation. Findings offer insights into the brain indicators of social adaptation and highlight the role of social networks as a buffer against the maladaptive effects of loneliness. These findings can inform interventions aimed at minimizing loneliness and promoting social adaptation and are especially relevant due to the high prevalence of loneliness around the globe. These findings also serve the study of social adaptation since they provide potential neurocognitive factors that could influence social adaptation.

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