Repositorio Institucional
Sistema de Bibliotecas Universidad Finis Terrae
El Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad FinisTerrae, es gestionado por el Sistema de Bibliotecas y tiene por objetivo permitir el acceso libre a la producción académica e institucional de la Universidad, aumentando la visibilidad de sus contenidos y garantizando su conservación.
Envíos recientes
Leveraging shared variation among traits for the discovery of genetic variants in complex phenotypes such as obesity
(Wiley; The Obesity Society, 2025-06-01) Fernández-Verdejo, Rodrigo; Hughes, David; Ravussin, Eric
Identifying genetic variants associated with obesity is critical forunderstanding the role of genetics and its interaction with the envi-ronment in the regulation of body weight. Hundreds of genetic vari-ants have been identified so far, mostly associated with body massindex (BMI). Nevertheless, given the complex pathogenesis andthe evolving definition and diagnosis of obesity, exploring traitsbeyond BMI becomes crucial to advancing the field. Obesityresults from a prolonged positive energy balance, during which energyintake exceeds energy expenditure. Therefore, identifying geneticvariants associated with energy balance-related traits should provideadditional insight into the genetic basis of obesity.
Baseline body fat percentage is associated to weight and fat mass gain from high-fat overfeeding over 8 weeks
(Oxford University Press; Endocrine Society, 2025-04-21) Galgani, Jose E.; Fernández-Verdejo, Rodrigo; Bray, George A.; Smith, Steven R.; Ghosh, Sujoy; Javvadi, Pravalika; Ravussin, Eric
Background & aims: Epidemiological data suggest that participants with lower vs. higher body mass index (BMI) resist exposure to the obesogenic environment. To test this, we analyzed the relationship between overfeeding-induced weight and fat mass gains with baseline BMI and body fat percentage.
Methods: In this controlled intervention study, 34 men (age: 26±5 y old; BMI: 25.5±2.4 kg/m2, body fat [DXA]: 19.3±5.1%) consumed for 8 weeks 40% more energy than needed at weight maintenance. The energy costs of weight and fat mass gain were calculated as the 8-week excess energy consumed divided by weight or fat mass gain. Energy expenditure (baseline and after overfeeding) was determined using a metabolic chamber and doubly labeled water. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted from abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue samples.
Results: Body weight increased 7.2±2.1 kg and fat mass 4.0±1.4 kg. There was no statistical association between baseline BMI and weight and fat mass gains. However, baseline body fat percentage was significantly associated with weight (r=0.57) and fat mass (r=0.59) gains. Body fat percentage was also statistically associated with energy cost of weight (r=-0.38) and fat mass (r=-0.40) gains. Metabolic adaptation in energy expenditure (adaptive thermogenesis) was unrelated to the energy cost of weight and fat mass gains. Transcriptomics analysis showed that high energy cost of weight gain was associated with up-regulation of inflammation-related pathways.
Conclusion: Body fat percentage at baseline was inversely associated with overfeeding-induced weight and fat gain resistance. The underlying compensatory response appears unrelated to changes in energy expenditure.
Merit as an attitude: chilean school communities’ repertoires in Chile and the perception of the “good student” in a post‐pandemic scenario
(Springer Nature, 2025-05-05) Moyano Dávila, Camila; Alarcón-Arcos, Samanta; Angelcos, Nicolás; Castillo, Juan Carlos; Salgado, Mauricio
Due to its commodification policies, the Chilean educational system is a paradigmatic case for study. It comprises private subsidies, achievement incentives, competition, selection, and segregation. After years of student and social protests, the 2015 Inclusion Law mandated that publicly funded schools accept all admitted students. Critics argue this restricts family choice and undermines merit. The COVID-19 pandemic further deepened inequalities, exposing contradictions in a merit-based system. This article examines how meritocratic ideals emerged post-pandemic in parents’ and teachers’ perceptions of school communities within a neoliberal educational model promoting meritocratic values alongside inclusive policies. Based on 32 interviews with parents and teachers from two private and two publicly funded schools in Santiago, findings show meritocracy is deeply entrenched, even in public education. The “meritorious student” is defined beyond academics, encompassing behavior, responsibility, and respect—traits also expected of families. The importance of effort as a mechanism for improvement permeates the notion of the “good student”, thereby overshadowing the importance of inclusive educational environments, as merit also becomes relativised by the post-pandemic scenario. The deep educational inequalities and behavioural problems force teachers and parents to focus on and solve different aspects rather than academic achievements. Merit, as understood by educational communities, is perceived as a process and an attitude intertwined with social opportunities.
Caracterización de la población con actividad de Ortodoncia Preventiva Interceptiva (OPI) y derivación en Servicio Salud Metropolitano Oriente, 2023-2024
(Universidad de Tarapacá, 2025-05-02) Moya, Patricia; Ale, Javiera; Lizana, Cristofer; Zamorano Vidal, Sebastián
Objetivo: Caracterizar a la población menor de 15 años con actividad de ortodoncia preventiva interceptiva (OPI) en la red del Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Oriente (SSMO) y estimar tasa de derivación a la especialidad por comuna, durante el 2023-2024. Metodología: Estudio ecológico utilizando datos provenientes de Resúmenes Estadísticos Mensuales (REM) del Ministerio de Salud. Se revisó el registro de actividad de ortodoncia preventiva Interceptiva (OPI) en la población menor de 15 años, y las interconsultas emitidas a la especialidad por comuna perteneciente al SSMO. Se analizó la distribución porcentual de actividad OPI por centro de salud según sexo, grupo etario, comuna y año de estudio, además el cálculo de variación porcentual anual (VPA). Asimismo, se estimó la tasa de derivación a especialidad por cada 1.000 beneficiarios y la razón de tasas (RT) por comuna y año. Resultados: Se registraron 2.874 actividad OPI, con variación porcentual anual de +28,1%. La mayor frecuencia se observó en mujeres, en grupo etario de 5 a 9 años y en Lo Barnechea. En cuanto a derivación a especialidad, la tasa más alta se registró en Providencia durante 2023 (46,44 x 1.000 beneficiarios) y Vitacura durante 2024 (44,48 x 1.000). Destaca Lo Barnechea, donde la tasa de derivación en 2024 fue 2,8 veces mayor en comparación con el año anterior. Conclusiones: La mayor actividad de OPI fue en mujeres, entre 5 a 9 años y en la comuna de Lo Barnechea. La tasa de derivación a especialidad mostró un aumento significativo, especialmente en Providencia y Vitacura, destacando Lo Barnechea, donde la tasa casi se triplicó en un año. Se sugiere reforzar estrategias de pesquisa precoz y derivación oportuna, especialmente en comunas con alzas significativas.
Amonio y Boecio: sobre la batalla naval de Aristóteles (Comentario a Aristóteles: sobre la interpretación, 9)
(Editorial Verbum, 2025) Rego, Thomas; Torrijos Castrillejo, David
El propósito de este libro es llenar una laguna en lengua española que ya ha comenzado a colmarse en otros idiomas: facilitar al lector un acceso sencillo y riguroso a dos célebres comentaristas de Aristóteles pertenecientes a la Antigüedad tardía. Esto significa asimismo una aportación importante al corpus de los autores neoplatónicos en lengua española. Los comentarios clásicos han ido adquiriendo especial relieve durante las últimas décadas. En esta ocasión se logra presentar una importante faceta del autor de la Consolación de la filosofía, así como completar nuestro conocimiento de Amonio. Este libro proporciona la traducción española del capítulo noveno del tratado de Aristóteles Sobre la interpretación (De interpretatione o Peri hermeneias), su estudio y edición, ofreciendo además los textos originales, griego y latino respectivamente, difíciles de localizar en versión impresa.