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A comprehensive review of global developments and research trends in electric vehicles
(Springer Nature, 2026-07-24) Rao, Challa Krishna; Sahoo, Sarat Kumar; Yellampalli, Sankar; Ketjoy, Nipon; Yanine, Franco Fernando
This study traces the global progression of electric vehicle (EV) research spanning 1955 to 2025, with insights derived from Scopus and Web of Science bibliometric analyses. The findings reveal exponential growth, surpassing 100,000 EV related publications by 2021, and continued expansion across multiple sub domains. From 1990 to 2022, researchers produced 135,388 publications on electric vehicle technologies, focusing strongly on areas such as government policies, lithium-ion battery development, battery management systems, charging networks, intelligent charging methods, and vehicle to everything (V2X) connectivity. Specialized fields such as nanotechnology contributed 18,496 publications from 2001 to 2024, representing 7.35% of total EV output. National-level assessments, such as Brazil, demonstrate steep increases in scholarly production, peaking above 10,000 publications annually between 2021 and 2024. Although comprehensive 2025 figures are not yet consolidated, prevailing trends indicate sustained incremental growth. Taken together, the findings emphasize how electric vehicle research spans multiple disciplines, reflects the growing international cooperation among academics, and underscores the importance of new technologies in driving sustainable transportation and shaping the future of urban mobility.
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Vitamin D Supplementation, Total Testosterone, and Androgen Bioavailability Markers in Adult Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
(MPDI, 2026) Paez-Allendes, Loreto; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Moya, María P.; Oyanedel, Gustavo; Cifuentes-Suazo, Gloria; Figueroa-Puig, Julio; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Mateluna-Valls, Eduardo; Cabezas-Salgado, Juan Jose; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan; Bruna-Mejias, Alejandro
Background: Vitamin D has traditionally been recognized for its role in calcium homeostasis and skeletal health, but vitamin D receptor expression and vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes have also been identified in extra-skeletal tissues, including components of the male reproductive tract. Observational evidence has suggested associations between vitamin D status and androgen-related markers; however, whether vitamin D supplementation has a measurable effect on androgen bioavailability remains uncertain. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on total testosterone (TT) and androgen bioavailability markers in adult men, including sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), calculated free testosterone (calculated FT), and bioactive testosterone (BAT) where methodologically compatible. Methods: The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261365005) and conducted according to PRISMA 2020 and Cochrane methodological guidance. Searches were conducted from database inception to April 2026 in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO ICTRP. Embase was initially planned but was not searched because institutional access was unavailable; this amendment was made before screening, extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, and synthesis. Records were deduplicated in Zotero, screened in a structured matrix, and converted from report-level records into independent comparison-level datasets where appropriate. Meta-analyses used random-effects REML models with Hartung–Knapp adjustment. Results: The official search set comprised 2854 records, of which 703 duplicates were removed, leaving 2151 records for title and abstract screening. The full-text screening file was reconciled to 162 PRISMA-countable reports/records: 135 reports were assessed, 27 reports could not be assessed because the full text was unavailable or had not been obtained for review, and 27 reports/studies were retained for qualitative synthesis. Eighteen reports were considered candidate sources for quantitative synthesis and were operationalized into 21 comparison-level records. The primary TT model included 11 comparisons and showed no clear effect of vitamin D supplementation on final TT (MD 0.47 nmol/L, 95% CI −0.50 to 1.44; $I^2$ = 24.1%). No clear effects were observed for SHBG (MD 0.27 nmol/L, 95% CI −2.14 to 2.68), FAI (MD −0.37, 95% CI −4.28 to 3.55), calculated FT sensitivity evidence (MD −0.0096 nmol/L, 95% CI −0.0525 to 0.0332), or BAT exploratory evidence (MD −0.47 nmol/L, 95% CI −1.77 to 0.83). GRADE certainty was low for TT, SHBG, and FAI, and very low for calculated FT and BAT. Conclusions: Current randomized evidence does not demonstrate a statistically clear or reproducible effect of vitamin D supplementation on total testosterone or androgen bioavailability markers in adult men. GRADE certainty was low for total testosterone, SHBG, and FAI, and very low for calculated free testosterone and bioactive testosterone. Because directly measured and calculated free testosterone are not analytically equivalent, free testosterone was not pooled as a primary outcome; method-compatible calculated FT was handled as sensitivity evidence and BAT as exploratory evidence.
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Occipitalization of the atlas: prevalence, functional and anatomical considerations. A systematic review and meta-analysis
(Elsevier, 2026) Bruna-Mejias, Alejandro; Salazar-Ferrari, Martina; Silva-Garay, Antonia; Chacon Valdebenito, Ignacia Belen; Ortiz-Ahumada, Cynthia; Trujillo-Riveros, Martin; Loaiza-Giraldo, Jessica Paola; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Santana-Machuca, Andres; Cifuentes-Suazo, Gloria; Oyanedel-Amaro, Gustavo; Paton, Glen; Nalla, Shahed; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan
Background: Occipitalization of the atlas, defined as a congenital fusion between the first cervical vertebra (C1) and the occipital bone, is an uncommon anatomical variant of the craniovertebral junction. Reported prevalence in the general population varies widely, and the condition is often identified incidentally during imaging or anatomical assessment. Objective: To synthesize available evidence on the prevalence of atlas occipitalization and to describe its anatomical characteristics across different populations and study designs. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS from inception to January 2025. Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by four reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using the Anatomical Quality Assessment (AQUA) tool. A random-effects meta-analysis was applied to estimate pooled prevalence values and explore predefined subgroups. Results: Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis, of which eleven were included in the meta-analysis, encompassing a total of 4219 subjects. The pooled prevalence of atlas occipitalization was 0.64% (95% confidence interval: 0.00–1.00%). Variability in prevalence estimates was observed across populations and assessment methods. Conclusion: Atlas occipitalization is a rare congenital anatomical variant of the craniovertebral junction. Although often asymptomatic, its identification is anatomically relevant due to potential associations with other craniovertebral anomalies. Awareness of this variant is important for accurate anatomical interpretation and for planning procedures involving the craniovertebral junction.
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GLP-1RA- and Incretin-Based Therapies Within Lifestyle Interventions for Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(MPDI, 2026) Bruna-Mejias, Alejandro; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Oyanedel, Gustavo; Figueroa-Puig, Julio; Cabezas-Salgado, Juan José; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Cifuentes-Suazo, Gloria; Loro-Ferrer, Juan Francisco
Background/Objectives: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA)- and incretin-based therapies are now central to obesity management. Their clinical value, however, should be interpreted beyond total weight loss, because changes in fat mass, lean mass, physical function, and cardiometabolic risk may depend on the accompanying dietary, behavioral, and exercise co-interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated GLP-1RA- and incretin-based therapies delivered within lifestyle interventions in adults with overweight or obesity. Methods: The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261360837). PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to the final search dates. Records were deduplicated in Zotero. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. Random-effects meta-analyses were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood with Hartung–Knapp adjustment when pooling was appropriate. Results: Across all database sources, 1651 records were identified. After removing 113 duplicate records and 212 records with an ineligible publication type before screening, 1326 records were screened. Seventy-seven reports were sought for retrieval, five were not retrieved, 72 were assessed at full text, and 48 reports corresponding to 35 independent parent trials or trial clusters were retained for qualitative synthesis. The primary kilogram-scale meta-analysis included eight independent comparisons and showed greater body-weight reduction with GLP-1RA/incretin-based therapy delivered within a lifestyle background than with placebo/control (mean difference [MD] −10.08 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] −12.76 to −7.39; 95% prediction interval [PI] −17.86 to −2.29; $I^2 = 95.6\%$). Percentage body-weight change was analyzed separately across 11 independent comparisons and also favored GLP-1RA/incretin-based therapy (MD −9.53 percentage points, 95% CI −11.92 to −7.14; 95% PI −17.58 to −1.48; $I^2 = 95.4\%$). Conclusions: GLP-1RA- and incretin-based therapies delivered within lifestyle interventions are associated with clinically meaningful reductions in body weight in adults with overweight or obesity. Absolute and relative body-weight change metrics should remain analytically separate. The magnitude of benefit varies across trial contexts, and certainty remains limited by risk-of-bias concerns and considerable heterogeneity. Future trials should standardize the reporting of lifestyle co-interventions, body composition, adherence, physical-function outcomes, and safety monitoring.
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Effectiveness of arthrocentesis versus other therapeutic modalities in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Systematic review and meta-analysis
(Elsevier, 2026-12) Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Araya-Gonzalez, Florencia; Katz-Figols, Ursula; Ruiz-Jorquera, Victoria; Diaz-Barahona, Joaquin; Loaiza-Giraldo, Jessica Paola; Pino-Henriquez, Cristobal; Niklander, Sven; Rodriguez-Luengo, Macarena; Cariseo-Avila, Carolina; Cifuentes-Suazo, Gloria; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Moya Daza, María P.; Konschake, Marko; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan
Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a heterogeneous group of conditions frequently associated with pain and functional impairment. Arthrocentesis has been proposed as a minimally invasive therapeutic option; however, its comparative effectiveness versus other treatments remains uncertain. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of arthrocentesis compared with other therapeutic modalities in patients with TMD, focusing on pain relief and mandibular functional outcomes. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Randomized controlled trials comparing arthrocentesis with other therapeutic interventions for TMD were included. Primary outcomes were pain intensity assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and mandibular functional outcomes, including maximum mouth opening, maximum incisal opening, masticatory efficiency, mandibular movements, and overall joint mobility. Results: Thirty-two randomized controlled trials were included in the quantitative synthesis. No statistically significant difference in pain reduction was observed between arthrocentesis and comparator interventions, with very high heterogeneity. Masticatory efficiency showed a small statistically significant improvement favoring arthrocentesis, based on very low-certainty evidence. Overall, the certainty of evidence ranged from low to very low across outcomes. Conclusions: Arthrocentesis may provide modest symptomatic improvement in selected patients with TMD; however, it does not demonstrate superiority over alternative therapeutic modalities for most functional outcomes. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials with standardized diagnostic criteria, clearly defined comparators, and longer follow-up are required to better define the role of arthrocentesis in the management of temporomandibular disorders.