Repositorio Institucional
Sistema de Bibliotecas Universidad Finis Terrae
El Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad FinisTerrae, es gestionado por el Sistema de Bibliotecas y tiene por objetivo permitir el acceso libre a la producción académica e institucional de la Universidad, aumentando la visibilidad de sus contenidos y garantizando su conservación.
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Unfused transverse foramen of the atlas vertebra in the Neandertal lineage fossils
(Wiley, 2025-11-07) Gómez-Olivencia, Asier; Arlegi, Mikel; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Arsuaga, Juan Luis; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan
In anatomically modern humans, the atlas can display an unfused transverse foramen (UTF) but currently the presence of UTF in the Neandertal lineage is uncertain due to a scarcity of prevalence studies and no exhaustive record of its presence throughout the entire hominin fossil record. In this context, this study aimed to assess the UTF prevalence in Neandertal lineage fossils. In the Neandertal lineage fossil record, UTF was identified in three atlases: a Middle Pleistocene Preneandertal fossil (VC3) from Sima de los Huesos, and the Neandertal specimens Kebara 2 and Krapina 98. These results suggest that UTF may have been present in the hominin lineage since, at least, the Middle Pleistocene. An UTF could have been present in other, older hominin lineages but this remains unclear due to the generally poor preservation of atlases outside the Neandertal lineage fossil record. However, the existence of UTFs in the Neandertal lineage warrants further investigation into the evolutionary and developmental factors underlying this vertebral morphological variation.
Prevalence of radial artery variants and their relationship with clinical considerations of the antebrachial region: Systematic revier and meta-analysis
(MDPI, 2025-11-24) Sanchis Gimeno, Juan; Loaiza-Giraldo, Jessica Paola; Alruiz, Yael; Vergara, Maximiliano; Maria Fernanda Navia; Roman, Camila; Suazo Santibañez, Alejandra; Nova Baeza, Pablo; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Oyanedel Amaro, Gustavo; Rodriguez Luengo, Macarena; Bruna Mejias, Alejandro; Valenzuela Fuenzalida, Juan José; León Rojas, José; Granite, Guinevere
Background: The radial artery (RA) is one of the terminal branches of the brachial artery, extending along the lateral forearm, crossing the anatomical snuffbox, and contributing to the palmar arches. Anatomical variations in the RA are of great clinical relevance due to their implications in procedures such as transradial catheterization, arterial cannulation, and bypass grafting. These variants may alter the course, branching pattern, or origin of the vessel, potentially increasing procedural complexity and the risk of iatrogenic injury. In critically ill patients and in surgical or interventional settings, accurate identification of RA anatomy is essential. The objective of this study was to systematically identify and describe RA variants reported in the scientific literature and to analyze their clinical relevance. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across six electronic databases: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), covering publications up to July 2025. Eligible studies included anatomical, radiological, and surgical investigations reporting RA variants. Study quality was evaluated using the Assessment of Quality in Anatomical Studies (AQUA) tool. Quantitative synthesis was performed using a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of RA variants and subgroup differences. Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, and eleven were included in the meta-analysis, encompassing a total of 6320 participants.
Results: Radial artery variants were categorized into three main types: variations in origin, course, and branching pattern. The pooled global prevalence of RA variants was 12% (95% CI: 6-18%), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 97.7%). Higher prevalence was found in imaging-based studies (14%) compared with donor-based studies (12%). Sex-based subgroup analysis revealed a higher prevalence in females (18%; CI: 9-28%) compared with males (3%; CI: 3-4%), with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 61.3%). Regionally, European populations demonstrated a higher prevalence (20%) than Asian populations (11%), both showing high heterogeneity (I2 > 98%). Notably, only one study from the Americas and none from Africa or Oceania were identified, representing a major geographical limitation in the available data. The findings of this study highlight the considerable variability in RA anatomy across populations. Such variations hold significant clinical importance, particularly in the context of transradial interventions, arterial cannulation, and reconstructive procedures where vascular integrity is critical. The high degree of heterogeneity observed may reflect differences in population genetics, sample size, and imaging or dissection methodologies. The limited representation of certain regions underscores the need for further anatomical and radiological studies to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of global RA variability. Preoperative or pre-procedural imaging using Doppler ultrasonography or computed tomography angiography is recommended to identify anomalous patterns and minimize iatrogenic complications.
Conclusions: Radial artery variants are frequent and diverse. Their recognition is fundamental for the safety and success of invasive and surgical procedures in the upper limb. A standardized approach to vascular evaluation, particularly through preoperative imaging, is essential to improve procedural outcomes and reduce the risk of arterial injury in clinical practice.
Sexual dimorphism in the Atlas Vertebra of normal and overweight patients with its possible surgical implications
(Elsevier, 2025-10-04) Nilgün Tuncel, Çini; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Granite, Guinevere; Nova Baeza, Pablo; Mata-Escolano, Federico; Blanco-Perez, Esther; Valenzuela Fuenzalida, Juan José; Piagkou. Maria; Triantafyllou, George; Konschake, Marko; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan A.
Background: We aimed to detect the sexual dimorphism in the width and external anteroposterior length (EAPL) values of the atlas vertebra, and to detect significant correlations between the width and EAPL with height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) in normal weight and in overweighted patients.
Methods: The width and EAPL were measured in 63 (32 female, 31 male) normal weight individuals and in 61 (30 female, 31 male) overweighted individuals who underwent a cervical spine computed tomography scan. Data was first compared between all female patients and male patients, and secondly was compared between normal and overweight individuals. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to evaluate correlations between width and EAPL with height, weight, and BMI.
Results: Atlas width and EAPL were significantly higher in normal and overweight males (P < 0.001). No correlations were found between height, weight, and BMI and the width and EAPL in normal and overweight individuals. The only significant correlation found was between width and EAPL in both normal and overweight individuals (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: There is sexual dimorphism in atlas width and EAPL, with male patients presenting significantly higher values, but there are no correlations between height, weight, and BMI and the width and EAPL in both normal and overweight individuals. In addition, being overweight does not affect the correlation between width and EAPL.
Comment on: Is “pre-sepsis” the new sepsis? A narrative review
(Public Library of Science, 0006-03-26) Giglio, Andrés; Aranda, mario; Macias, Eric; Borges, Marcio
El presente comentario al editor presenta la experiencia clínica con BiAlert Sepsis AI en un hospital, aportando evidencia al concepto de pre-sepsis propuesto por Gerard et al.. Los datos muestran que la mayoría de los pacientes detectados por la IA son infectados sin disfunción orgánica temprana y permiten definir cuatro trayectorias clínicas dentro de la pre-sepsis: pacientes en riesgo que no desarrollan sepsis, evolución abortada, sepsis subumbral y pre-sepsis progresiva con desarrollo de sepsis en 24–48 horas. Estas trayectorias evidencian que la sepsis debe entenderse como un continuo más que como un punto de corte binario y respaldan la necesidad de enfoques diagnósticos y terapéuticos basados en trayectorias para intervenir precozmente en esta ventana crítica.
Diseño, adaptación y aplicación piloto de un modelo de documentación en contexto museológico para la colección etnográfica Loyola-Cádiz del MNHN
(Universidad Finis Terrae (Chile) Facultad de Artes, 2025) Leiva Gallardo, Carla; Lobos Coindreau, Catalina prof. guía
El Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Chile (MNHN) enfrenta desafíos en la gestión y documentación de las colecciones etnográficas, debido a la fragmentación de sus dispositivos documentales y a la escasa integración entre los registros materiales e inmateriales que la componen. Esta situación dificulta la preservación y transmisión del valor cultural y simbólico, así como su adecuada representación en los sistemas institucionales de registro.
El presente Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional propone el diseño, adaptación y aplicación piloto de un modelo de documentación en contexto museológico sobre una muestra representativa de la colección etnográfica de la folclorista nacional Margot Loyola y su esposo y colaborador Osvaldo Cádiz. Este proyecto está orientado a la especificidad de este tipo de colecciones, incorporando criterios de significación cultural y metodologías de registro participativo. El modelo se estructura a partir del análisis y articulación de sistemas nacionales e internacionales con el fin de generar dispositivos documentales coherentes, integrados y adaptables a las necesidades del museo.
La propuesta se desarrolla en tres etapas: primero, un diagnóstico del sistema de documentación que actualmente utiliza el museo; luego, el diseño y aplicación piloto de nuevas fichas de registro; y finalmente, una validación del modelo a través de la revisión técnica. El trabajo busca aportar una metodología que conecte los aspectos materiales, inmateriales y simbólicos de los objetos etnográficos, promoviendo una mirada más integral sobre el patrimonio. Como resultado, se propone adaptar la Base de Datos existente del museo y crear dos dispositivos de registro: una Ficha de Identificación (Ficha ID) y una Ficha de Autor/Productor pensadas para fortalecer y hacer más accesible la documentación de la colección.
En conjunto, este proyecto aporta a la consolidación de los procesos de documentación del MNHN y contribuye a los debates actuales sobre los desafíos de la documentación de colecciones etnográficas en museos, proponiendo un enfoque aplicable a otras colecciones patrimoniales de similar naturaleza.
Asimismo, contribuye directamente a la conservación del patrimonio, ya que fortalece la forma en que se registra y se comprende la información sobre los objetos etnográficos. Al integrar en un mismo sistema los aspectos materiales e inmateriales, se favorece una visión más completa de su valor cultural y simbólico. Esto no solo ayuda a cuidar mejor los objetos físicos, sino también a mantener vivas las prácticas, conocimientos, memorias y a las personas y cultores que los transmiten, reconociendo su rol en la continuidad de los saberes asociados.
En definitiva, un registro claro, acorde y participativo favorece una mejor planificación, especialmente en lo relativo a acciones de conservación. A su vez, permite situar a las comunidades vinculadas a los objetos en el lugar que les corresponde dentro de los procesos de documentación, reconociéndolas como fuente primaria de conocimiento. Así, conservar implica no solo una labor técnica, sino también la salvaguarda activa de la herencia cultural.