Prevalencia del ponticulus posticus en teleradiografías de perfil realizadas en el Instituto Nacional de Ortodoncia entre los años 2019 y 2020
Date
2022
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Publisher
Universidad Finis Terrae (Chile) Facultad de Odontología
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Abstract
Introducción: Las radiografías son un examen básico para el diagnóstico en múltiples especialidades médicas. La telerradiografía de perfil nos da una visión sagital del macizo craneofacial y las vértebras cervicales. En la vértebra Atlas o C1 se puede encontrar una estructura denominada Ponticulus Posticus, una variante anatómica descrita como un puente óseo entre la porción posterior del proceso articular superior y la porción posterolateral del margen superior del arco posterior de la vértebra C1. Esta estructura podría estar relacionada en algunos pacientes con síntomas como: cefalea, vértigo, dolor ocular y fotobia, de ahí la importancia en una temprana detección y análisis. En Chile existen pocos estudios en relación a la prevalencia y clasificación del Ponticulus Posticus.
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del Ponticulus Posticus en telerradiografías de perfil realizadas en el Instituto Nacional de Ortodoncia durante los años 2019 y 2020.
Material y método: Estudio de tipo observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, con una muestra de 1563 telerradiografías de perfil de pacientes del Instituto Nacional de Ortodoncia, donde se determinó la prevalencia del Ponticulus Posticus de acuerdo a sexo, edad y clasificación de cada Ponticulus Posticus. Estos datos fueron traspasados a una planilla Exel y analizados con el programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics.
Resultados: La muestra final fue de 1240 telerradiografías de perfil, donde la edad mínima fue de 15 años, la edad máxima de 60 años y la media de edad fue de 22.66 años. El 38.3% (475) de las telerradiografías analizadas presentaron el Ponticulus Posticus, mientras que el 61.7% (765) no lo presentaron. La prevalencia del Ponticulus Posticus en pacientes de sexo masculino fue de 42.3% (185) mientras que en pacientes de sexo femenino fue de 36.1% (290). En cuanto a la clasificación3de cada Ponticulus Posticus, el 61.7% (765) son de Clase 1 (no presente), un 19.6% (243) de Clase 2 (presente hasta menos de un tercio del recorrido de la arteria vertebral), un 8.5% (106) de Clase 3 (presente desde un tercio del recorrido de la arteria vertebral pero no completamente) y un 10.2% (126) con un Ponticulus Posticus de Clase 4 (presente y se extiende por completo a través de todo el recorrido de la arteria vertebral).
Conclusión: Se encontró una prevalencia del 38.3% del Ponticulus Posticus en una muestra de 1240 telerradiografías de perfil. El Ponticulus Posticus es mas prevalente en pacientes de sexo masculino (42.3%) que en pacientes de sexo femenino (36.1%). Existen pocos estudios de prevalencia del Ponticulus Posticus en Chile, por lo que es necesario que se realicen mas investigaciones de este tipo para poder conocer la realidad nacional a mayor escala.
Introduction: X-rays are a basic test for diagnosis in multiple medical specialties. Profile teleradiography gives us a sagittal view of the craniofacial massif and cervical vertebrae. A structure called Ponticulus Posticus can be found in the Atlas or C1 vertebrae, an anatomical variant described as a bony bridge between the posterior portion of the superior articular process and the posterolateral portion of the superior margin of the posterior arch of the C1 vertebra. This structure could be related in some patients with symptoms such as: headache, vertigo, eye pain and photophobia, hence the importance of early detection and analysis. In Chile there are few studies in relation to the prevalence and classification of Ponticulus Posticus. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus in profile teleradiographies performed at the National Institute of Orthodontics during the years 2019 and 2020. Material and method: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a sample of 1565 profile teleradiographies of patients from the National Institute of Orthodontics, where the prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus was determined according to sex, age, and classification of each Ponticulus Posticus. These data were transferred to an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed with the IBM SPSS Statistics software. Results: The final sample consisted of 1240 profile teleradiographies, where the minimum age was 15 years, the maximum 60 years, and the median age was 22.66 years. 38.3% (475) of the teleradiographies analyzed presented the Ponticulus Posticus, while 61.7% (765) did not present it. The prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus in male patients was 42.3% (185) while in female patients it was 36.1% (290). Regarding the classification of each Ponticulus Posticus, 61.7% (765) are Class 1 (not present), 19.6% (243) are Class 2 (present up to less than a third of the vertebral artery route), 8.5% (106) are Class 3 (present from one third of the course of the vertebral artery but nor completely) and 10.2% (126) are Class 4 (present and extending completely through the entire course of the vertebral artery). Conclusion: A 38.3% prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus was found in a sample of 1240 profile teleradiographies. The Ponticulus Posticus is more prevalent in male patients (42.3%) than in female patients (36.1%). There are few studies of the prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus in Chile, so it is necessary to carry out more research of thys type in order to know the national reality on a larger scale.
Introduction: X-rays are a basic test for diagnosis in multiple medical specialties. Profile teleradiography gives us a sagittal view of the craniofacial massif and cervical vertebrae. A structure called Ponticulus Posticus can be found in the Atlas or C1 vertebrae, an anatomical variant described as a bony bridge between the posterior portion of the superior articular process and the posterolateral portion of the superior margin of the posterior arch of the C1 vertebra. This structure could be related in some patients with symptoms such as: headache, vertigo, eye pain and photophobia, hence the importance of early detection and analysis. In Chile there are few studies in relation to the prevalence and classification of Ponticulus Posticus. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus in profile teleradiographies performed at the National Institute of Orthodontics during the years 2019 and 2020. Material and method: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a sample of 1565 profile teleradiographies of patients from the National Institute of Orthodontics, where the prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus was determined according to sex, age, and classification of each Ponticulus Posticus. These data were transferred to an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed with the IBM SPSS Statistics software. Results: The final sample consisted of 1240 profile teleradiographies, where the minimum age was 15 years, the maximum 60 years, and the median age was 22.66 years. 38.3% (475) of the teleradiographies analyzed presented the Ponticulus Posticus, while 61.7% (765) did not present it. The prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus in male patients was 42.3% (185) while in female patients it was 36.1% (290). Regarding the classification of each Ponticulus Posticus, 61.7% (765) are Class 1 (not present), 19.6% (243) are Class 2 (present up to less than a third of the vertebral artery route), 8.5% (106) are Class 3 (present from one third of the course of the vertebral artery but nor completely) and 10.2% (126) are Class 4 (present and extending completely through the entire course of the vertebral artery). Conclusion: A 38.3% prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus was found in a sample of 1240 profile teleradiographies. The Ponticulus Posticus is more prevalent in male patients (42.3%) than in female patients (36.1%). There are few studies of the prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus in Chile, so it is necessary to carry out more research of thys type in order to know the national reality on a larger scale.
Description
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 2022
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Santiago, Chile
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Citation
Keywords
RADIOGRAFÍA DENTAL, PONTICULUS POSTICUS
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Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)