Repositorio Institucional
Sistema de Bibliotecas Universidad Finis Terrae
El Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad FinisTerrae, es gestionado por el Sistema de Bibliotecas y tiene por objetivo permitir el acceso libre a la producción académica e institucional de la Universidad, aumentando la visibilidad de sus contenidos y garantizando su conservación.
Envíos recientes
Postoperative Physical Therapy Following Primary Cheiloplasty in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Retrospective Analysis
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2025) Montero-Orellana, María José; García Gutiérrez, Jacqueline; Ossa-Cox, Matías; Giugliano Villaroel, Carlos
Abstract: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are common congenital anomalies with significant functional and aesthetic implications.In Chile, the incidence of cleft lip is 14 per 10,000 live births.Primary cheiloplasty is the initial surgical intervention, typically followed by physical therapy for scar management. Despite inclusion in national guidelines, data on postoperative physical therapy after cheiloplasty are limited. This study aims to describe postoperative physical therapy management in CLP patients following primary cheiloplasty, focusing on initiation timing and number of sessions. A retrospective analysis of records from the Gantz Foundation included 91 patients who underwent primary cheiloplasty between 2022 and 2023. Data collected encompassed age at surgery, dates of surgery and therapy initiation, number of sessions, and the interval between surgery and therapy start. Seventy-one patients (78%) began postoperative physical therapy at the Gantz Foundation. Ages at surgery ranged from 2 to 24 months (mean: 4.8 mo), with 90.1% between 3.5 and 5 months old. Physical therapy commenced 8 to 136 days postsurgery (mean: 38 d); 47.8% started within the first month, while 10% began after 2 months. The number of sessions ranged from 1 to 11 (mean: 4.67, median: 4).
Conclusions: Significant variability exists in the timing and frequency of postoperative physical therapy following primary cheiloplasty in CLP patients. Delays and inconsistencies may result from geographical barriers and access issues. Enhancing referral protocols, improving communication with caregivers, and exploring strategies like telerehabilitation could improve access and adherence,
potentially leading to better functional and aesthetic outcomes.
Accurate prognostic awareness is associated with increased emotional distress in Latino patients with advanced cancer
(Cambridge University Press, 2025) Pérez-Cruz, Pedro E.; San Martín, María Jesús; Palacio, Josefa; Tupper-Satt, Laura; González-Otaíza, Marcela; Repetto, Paula
Objectives. To describe the frequency of prognostic awareness (PA) in a population of advanced cancer patients in a Latino community and to explore the relationship between accurate PA with emotional distress and other covariates.
Methods. In this cross-sectional study performed in Puente Alto, Chile, advanced cancer patients in palliative care completed a survey that included a single question to assess PA (Do you believe your cancer is curable? yes/no). Patients reporting that their cancer was not curable were considered as having accurate PA. Demographics, emotional distress, quality of life, and patient perception of treatment goals were also assessed. Analyses to explore associations between PA and patient variables were adjusted.
Results. A total of 201 patients were included in the analysis. Mean age was 65, 50% female. One hundred and three patients (51%) reported an accurate PA. In the univariate analysis, accurate PA was associated with not having a partner (p = 0.012), increased emotional distress (p = 0.013), depression (p = 0.003), and were less likely to report that the goal of the treatment was to get rid of the cancer (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, patients with accurate PA
had higher emotional distress or depression, were less likely to have a partner, and to report that the goal of the treatment was to get rid of the cancer.
Significance of results. Half of a population of Latino advanced cancer patients reported an accurate PA. Accurate PA was associated with increased emotional distress, which is similar to what has been reported in other countries. Weaknesses in prognostic disclosure by clinicians, local cultural factors, or higher motivation to seek prognostic information among distressedcancer patients could explain this association. Strategies to emotionally support patients when discussing prognostic information should be implemented.
Entre lo global y lo local: La vacuna contra la viruela en el virreinato de Nueva España y la Capitanía General de Chile, 1803–1805
(Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 2025) Caffarena, Paula
Este capítulo examina la difusión inicial de la vacuna antivariólica en el Virreinato de Nueva España y la Capitanía General de Chile entre 1803 y 1805, desde una perspectiva de historia global que privilegia el análisis de conexiones transregionales sobre narrativas comparativas exhaustivas. La investigación demuestra que la llegada del fluido vacunal precedió a la Real Expedición Filantrópica de Balmis, facilitada por redes comerciales atlánticas e intraamericanas, incluidas rutas de contrabando y el tráfico de esclavos, como el caso del barco portugués que introdujo la vacuna en Montevideo en 1805. Mediante el estudio de fuentes primarias y aportes historiográficos clave, se reconstruyen las rutas de penetración en Veracruz y sus ramificaciones hacia Oaxaca y la capital novohispana, así como las técnicas de vacunación "brazo a brazo" que generalizaron la práctica pese a sus riesgos inherentes.
Vacunación y salud pública: el aporte de las Unidades Sanitarias al control de la difteria en Chile (1943-1952).
(Sociedad Chilena de Infectología, 2025) Caffarena, Paula; González, Maricela
Este artículo analiza las experiencias de vacunación antidiftérica y mixta realizadas en unidades sanitarias chilenas en la década de 1940, mostrando cómo estas campañas de alcance limitado permitieron evaluar la eficacia de nuevas vacunas extranjeras y su posible aplicación nacional. Se sostiene que no fueron solo procedimientos técnicos, sino iniciativas enmarcadas en la medicina social y preventiva, que implicaron equipos multidisciplinarios y la participación comunitaria. Se concluye que estas experiencias no solo facilitaron la prueba de los preparados vacunales, sino que también prepararon el camino para la creación del Servicio Nacional de Salud, fundamentado en los principios de descentralización, coordinación operativa y participación ciudadana.
This article analyzes the experiences of diphtheria and mixed vaccination implemented in Chilean health units during the 1940s. It shows how these limited-scale campaigns enabled the assessment of the effectiveness of newly developed foreign vaccines and their potential nationwide application. The article argues that these were not merely technical procedures based on scientific findings, but initiatives framed within the broader project of social and preventive medicine,
involving multidisciplinary teams and community engagement. It concludes that such experiences not only facilitated the testing of vaccine preparations but also laid the groundwork for the establishment of the Chilean National Health Service, founded on the principles of decentralization, operational coordination, and citizen participation.
Los pobres mueren más. La epidemia de influenza de 1957 y la desigualdad social en Chile
(Universidad de Tarapacá, 2025-09-04) Caffarena, Paula; Thielemann, Luis
Este artículo busca analizar la epidemia de influenza que afectó a Chile en 1957 y el rol que desempeñó la desigualdad social en sus efectos. Se propone que las malas condiciones de vida de algunos sectores agudizaron los efectos de la enfermedad, lo cual se hizo visible en los registros cualitativos y cuantitativos relacionados a la gripe, tales como los reportes oficiales que elaboró el Servicio Nacional de Salud, los análisis que realizaron los epidemiólogos de la época y los registros que aparecieron en la prensa. Ante estos antecedentes y el análisis el caso chileno de esta epidemia, la hipótesis de este artículo es que la incidencia de la influenza de 1957, estuvo dada por las condiciones sociales de quienes sufrieron el contagio, pues las condiciones de vida de las mayorías del país, incidieron en que fuesen los sectores populares los más golpeados por la epidemia.
This article aims to analyze the flu epidemic that affected Chile in 1957 and the role of social inequality in its effects. It proposes that the poor living conditions of some sectors exacerbated the effects of the disease, which became visible in the qualitative and quantitative records related to the flu, such as the official reports prepared by the National Health Service, the analyses carried out by the epidemiologists of the time and the records that appeared in the press. Given this, and analyzing the Chilean case of this epidemic, this article proposes that the incidence of influenza in 1957 was due to the social conditions of those who suffered the contagion since the living conditions of the majority of the country's population meant that the popular sectors were the hardest hit by the 1957 influenza epidemic.