Estudio anatómico y prevalencia del Canalis Sinuosus evaluado mediante Cone Beam CT en una población de pacientes chilenos de un centro radiológico privado entre los años 2017-2021

• Ortega, Sandra Natalia

• Cbct Dental

Introduction: Canalis Sinuosus (CS), an intraosseous canal located in the anterior maxillary region (AMR), contains anterosuperior alveolar vascular-nervous elements. It arises from the infraorbital canal, descends lateral to the nasal cavity to the septal foramen. It can present accessory channels (CA) in its terminal portion. Various interventions in the AMR can compromise the CS and/or its AC, causing complications. CS is described as an anatomical variation (AV), but it has a high prevalence, between 51.7%-100%, questioning this assertion. General Objective: determine the prevalence and anatomical characteristics of CS using Cone Beam CT in examinations of Chilean patients performed at the IMAPROX® radiological center between the years 2017-2021. Specific Objectives: determine the prevalence of CS according to sex. Determine the unilateral or bilateral presence and largest diameter of the CS. Determine the presence and number of CA. Methodology: cross-sectional descriptive observational quantitative study, consisting of the analysis of 220 maxillary CBCT imaging examinations of Chilean patients obtained from the IMAPROX® radiological center, between the years 2017 and 2021 from an anonymized database and who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. A retrospective analysis of all the images obtained was performed considering the variables sex, presence of CS, unilateral or bilateral CS, largest diameter of CS, presence and number of AC, and a subsequent univariate and bivariate statistical analysis. Results: a 100% prevalence of CS was found in both sexes, and it was observed bilaterally in the entire sample. The mean largest diameter of the CS was 2.58 mm. 76.8% of the sample presented AC, the presence of 2 AC being more prevalent with 34.1%. Discussion: it is described that a usual normal anatomical structure (UNAS) must have a prevalence of over 50% to be considered as such, however, there is no consensus on the criteria used to define VA or UNAS. The literature describes CS as AV, but current studies show high prevalence in various populations worldwide. Prevalences of 67% are reported in Russia, 88% Brazil and 100% in Turkey, Colombia and Chile. The present study also found a 100% prevalence, suggesting that CS is an UNAS. Despite this, CS is little known and is associated with numerous complications from AMR procedures, such as surgeries, implant placement, microscrews, etc., which can cause bleeding, paresthesia/dysesthesia, acute pain, etc. Conclusion: the high prevalence reported in this, and other studies suggest that CS is an UNAS and not an AV, however, more studies and consensus are required to define whether it is indeed an AV or UNAS. It is of clinical relevance to know the existence and location of the CS to perform safe procedures in AMR, avoiding complications.

Tesis (Cirujano Dentista)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 2022