Niveles séricos de Proteína C Reactiva, Interleuquina 6 y Factor de Necrosis Tumoral Alfa en pacientes con diagnóstico de periodontitis crónica leve-severa: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of mortality worldwide, and their genesis and severity can be influenced by other conditions that cause an inflammatory state in the body, such as Periodontitis. The systemic inflammatory response leads to increase levels of inflammatory biomarkers of cardiovascular damage such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6), indirectly contributing to atherogenesis or adverse cardiovascular effects. Objective: To determine the serum level of inflammatory mediators (CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α) in patients with mild Periodontitis versus patients with severe Periodontitis. Materials and Methods: For the preparation of this review, a total of 118 articles published in the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, EBSCOhost and/or Sagepub databases were identified, of which only 9 studies met all the eligibility criteria for qualitative synthesis. Results: Eight cohort studies were found, of which five suggest that the diagnosis of severe chronic periodontitis generates an increase in inflammatory biomarkers such as CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α, which may potentiate oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, thus leading to the appearance of atherosclerotic phenomena. Conclusions: According to the evidence, individuals with severe chronic periodontitis present higher levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α, and along with this, a greater probability of developing cardiovascular events in the future.