Long‑term impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic on physical activity and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness in south American adults: a multi‑country cross‑sectional online survey

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dc.contributor.authorZuñiga Dourado, Víctor
dc.contributor.authorMorais Pereira Simões, Maria do Socorro
dc.contributor.authorVinícius Tonon, Lauria
dc.contributor.authorGulayin, Pablo
dc.contributor.authorGutierrez, Laura
dc.contributor.authorPeña‑Silva, Ricardo
dc.contributor.authorPereyra‑González, Isabel
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz, Alfonsina
dc.contributor.authorLópez-Arana, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorWidyahening, Indah Suci
dc.contributor.authorAl‑Shaar, Laila
dc.contributor.authorDanaei, Goodarz
dc.contributor.authorPoggio, Rosana
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-14T15:39:23Z
dc.date.available2025-10-14T15:39:23Z
dc.date.issued2025-08-04
dc.description.abstractBackground Restriction measures during the COVID-19 pandemic may have reduced opportunities to engage in physical activity. This study explored the changes in self-reported physical activity level (PAL), risk factors, and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) among south American adults by comparing data reflecting the pre-pandemic period to data collected during the survey. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional online survey between July 2021 through March 2022 using validated questionnaires (e.g., GPAQ and WHO-STEPS) on a convenience sample of 1,934 adults (68.7% women) from Argentina (n = 484), Brazil (n = 405), Chile (n = 279), Colombia (n = 343) and Uruguay (n = 423). We compared self-reported PAL, risk factors, and eCRF before the pandemic period and at the time of the survey (mean 842 days from the first reported case in each country). Data were presented as medians (interquartile range [IQR]) or means (95% confidence interval [CI]) for continuous variables and percentages for categorical ones. Paired data analyses were conducted using paired t-tests, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and McNamar’s tests, as applicable. Results We observed a decrease in PAL at work (median, 0 METs/min/week and interquartile range, [0—240] vs. 0 METs/min/week [0—30]; p = 0.032) and active transportation domains (0 METs/min/week [0—693] vs. 0 METs/min/ week [0—594]; p = 0.008). In addition, the median sedentary time on weekdays increased by 60 min/day (360 [240—540] vs 420 [240—600]; p < 0.001). We also observed an increase in the proportion of participants with hypertension (12.9 vs. 16.5%), diabetes (6.8 vs. 9.8%), dyslipidemia (18.9 to 24%), depression symptoms (14.4 to 15.4%) and obesity (15.4 to 18.2%) compared with pre-pandemic levels (all p-values < 0.05). The eCRF was significantly lower at the survey time compared with pre-pandemic levels (mean difference, -1.17 mL/min/kg (or 3.34%): 95% CI, -1.03 to -1.30) even after adjusting for age (-0.50 mL/min/kg (or 1.45%): 95% CI -0.37 to -0.64). Conclusions Across five countries in South America, social restriction policies to control the COVID-19 pandemic may have reduced physical activity and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness with no recovery until the survey time.
dc.identifier.citationArchives of Public Health, Vol. 83, N°203 (2025) p. 1-14.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-025-01664-7
dc.identifier.issn2049-3258
dc.identifier.orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4312-1318
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/4341
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectSARS-Cov-2
dc.subjectCoronavirus
dc.subjectCardiovascular risk
dc.subjectExercise
dc.titleLong‑term impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic on physical activity and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness in south American adults: a multi‑country cross‑sectional online survey
dc.typeArticle
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