Depression symptoms are associated with demographic characteristics, nutritional status, and social support among young adults in Chile: a latent class analysis

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dc.contributor.authorCarvajal, Francisca
dc.contributor.authorLerma-Cabrera, José Manuel
dc.contributor.authorHerrera-Ponce de León, Pía
dc.contributor.authorLópez-Arana, Sandra
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-27T13:32:35Z
dc.date.available2025-08-27T13:32:35Z
dc.date.issued2024-10-11
dc.description.abstractBackground: Depressive disorders are a critical public health concern in Chile. Nonetheless, there is a lack of evidence regarding the identification of depressive symptom clusters. The objective was to identify depressive symptom clusters among Chilean young adults and examine how demographic, and lifestyle factors as well as social support can influence and predict them. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted among 1,000 participants from the Limache cohort 2. A latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify depressive symptom clusters, using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Multinomial logistic regression was then applied to explore the associations between identified classes and potential predictors. The models were adjusted by age and sex. Results: Three latent classes of depressive symptoms were identified: minimal (25.7%); somatic (50.7%) and severe (23.6%). In the severe class for eight out nine depressive symptoms the probabilities were above 50%, and the probability of suicidal ideation was almost a third in this class. Being female (Adjusted Odds ratio [AOR], 2.49; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.63–3.81]), current smoker (AOR, 1.74; 95% CI [1.15–2.65]), having basic education (AOR, 3.12; 95% CI [1.30–7.53]) and obesity (AOR, 2.72; 95% CI [1.61–4.59]) significantly increased the likelihood of belonging to severe class. Higher social support decreased the odds of being in the somatic (OR, 0.96; 95% CI [0.93–0.98]) and severe (OR, 0.92; 95% CI [0.90–0.94]) classes. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of individualized intervention strategies for depression management. Also, the study suggests that nutritional status and social support should be considered when addressing depression in this population.
dc.identifier.citationBMC Public Health, Vol. 24, N° 2781 (2024) p. 1-11.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20173-w
dc.identifier.issn1471-2458
dc.identifier.orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4312-1318
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/4281
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectDepression
dc.subjectSymptoms profile
dc.subjectLatent class analysis
dc.subjectSuicidal ideation
dc.subjectYoung adult
dc.titleDepression symptoms are associated with demographic characteristics, nutritional status, and social support among young adults in Chile: a latent class analysis
dc.typeArticle
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