Evaluación del potencial antiviral de anestésicos locales como Lidocaína y Prilocaína contra el virus Herpes Simplex tipo 1: revisión sistemática de la literatura
Date
2022
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Publisher
Universidad Finis Terrae (Chile) Facultad de Odontología
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Abstract
El herpes labial corresponde a una infección orofacial causada por el virus herpes simplex tipo 1. Es una patología contagiosa que puede provocar molestias y/o dolor significativos, y se caracteriza por erupciones vesiculares recurrentes en el tejido peribucal y en los labios principalmente. El tratamiento convencional se basa en el uso de antivirales tópicos o sistémicos, tales como el aciclovir y sus derivados. Sin embargo, surge la problemática de que presenta una eficacia limitada, y hay evidencia de mecanismos de resistencia a estos fármacos que generan episodios de recaídas comunes, lo que es especialmente complejo en pacientes inmunodeprimidos. Además, el tratamiento con crema de aciclovir no provoca una disminución significativa en la duración o severidad del dolor al aplicarla tras la aparición de los primeros síntomas prodrómicos. Los anestésicos locales de uso común en odontología, tales como la lidocaína y prilocaína, han demostrado presentar una actividad antimicrobiana, antiviral y antiinflamatoria, por lo que, ha sido considerada como una alternativa de tratamiento tópico que presenta ventajas en su uso complementario al tratamiento convencional, al reducir la duración de los signos y síntomas, ofrecer mayor protección de la lesión, y disminuir la duración de tratamiento.
Herpes labialis correspond to an orofacial infection caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1. It is a contagious pathology that can cause significant discomfort and/or pain, and is characterized by recurrent vesicular eruptions on the perioral tissue and mainly on the lips. Conventional treatment is based on the use of topical or systemic antivirals, such as acyclovir and its derivatives. However, the problem arises that it has limited efficacy, and there is evidence of resistance mechanisms to these drugs that generate common relapse episodes, which is especially complex in immunocompromised patients. In addition, treatment with acyclovir cream does not cause a decrease in the duration or severity of pain, when applied after the appearance of the first prodromal symptoms. Local anesthetics used in dentistry, such as lidocaine and prilocaine, have been shown to have antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity, which is why it has been considered as an alternative topical treatment that presents advantages in its complementary use to conventional treatment by reducing the duration of signs and symptoms, offering greater protection from the injury, and decreasing the duration of treatment.
Herpes labialis correspond to an orofacial infection caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1. It is a contagious pathology that can cause significant discomfort and/or pain, and is characterized by recurrent vesicular eruptions on the perioral tissue and mainly on the lips. Conventional treatment is based on the use of topical or systemic antivirals, such as acyclovir and its derivatives. However, the problem arises that it has limited efficacy, and there is evidence of resistance mechanisms to these drugs that generate common relapse episodes, which is especially complex in immunocompromised patients. In addition, treatment with acyclovir cream does not cause a decrease in the duration or severity of pain, when applied after the appearance of the first prodromal symptoms. Local anesthetics used in dentistry, such as lidocaine and prilocaine, have been shown to have antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity, which is why it has been considered as an alternative topical treatment that presents advantages in its complementary use to conventional treatment by reducing the duration of signs and symptoms, offering greater protection from the injury, and decreasing the duration of treatment.
Description
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 2022
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Santiago, Chile
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Citation
Keywords
ANESTESIA LOCAL, ANESTESIA DENTAL, VIRUS HERPES SIMPLE
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Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)