Nivel de ansiedad que presentan los pacientes previo a la atención odontológica, en la clínica odontológica de la Universidad Finis Terrae en el año 2022
Date
2022
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Universidad Finis Terrae (Chile) Facultad de Odontología
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Abstract
El presente estudio de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar los niveles de ansiedad que presentan los pacientes previo a la atención Odontológica, en la clínica odontológica de la Universidad Finis Terrae el año 2022. Para esto, se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal con enfoque cuantitativo en una población de 215 pacientes que se encontraban en la sala de espera en la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad Finis Terrae, mediante el cuestionario Escala de Corah Modificada (MDAS) que consta de 5 ítems, los cuales permiten posicionar al paciente entre los niveles de “ansiedad leve/nula” hasta “ansiedad severa”
La prevalencia de Ansiedad Dental fue de 35.8% nula o leve, un 28.8% presentó ansiedad moderada, un 14.4% ansiedad elevada y un 20.9% presentó niveles de ansiedad severa en la muestra seleccionada. La ansiedad fue mayor en el sexo femenino y en el rango etario de adultos jóvenes (18 - 25 años) con un 70,7%.
La ansiedad dental se explica como un estado emocional de preocupación y estrés limitado al entorno dental. Dicho estado puede involucrar flashbacks, pesadillas, imágenes intrusivas, dificultades para dormir, irritabilidad y problemas de concentración, incluso si el tratamiento dental no es inminente. Se ha demostrado que la persistencia de esta ansiedad dental genera un retraso o evasión en la atención dental, cancelaciones de citas y mayor percepción de dolor durante el tratamiento; además de ser un un predictor significativo de mala salud oral y, por tanto, genera una reducción de la calidad de vida, causando comorbilidades con trastornos generalizados de ansiedad y depresión.
Mediante esta investigación se busca generar una atención odontológica integral a los pacientes considerando tanto la salud física como mental. En este último ámbito destaca la ansiedad dental, donde los profesionales deben estar preparados para saber identificarla y manejarla adecuadamente. Para esto, se debe tener vasto conocimiento sobre los instrumentos para reconocerla, técnicas de abordaje y alternativas de tratamiento.
Sería interesante realizar futuras investigaciones respecto a cómo influyen el número de citas que lleva el paciente en tratamiento, la afiliación con el tratante y realizar un cruce de variables entre la experiencia dental negativa previa y edad de los participantes.
The objective of this research study is to determine the levels of anxiety that patients present prior to dental care, in the dental clinic of the Finis Terrae University in 2022. For this, a cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out with an effective approach population of 215 patients who met in the waiting room at the Dentistry Clinic of the Finis Terrae University, using the Modified Corah Scale (MDAS) questionnaire, which consists of 5 items, which allow the patient to be positioned between the levels of "anxiety mild/none” to “severe anxiety” The prevalence of Dental Anxiety was 35.8% null or mild, 28.8% presented moderate anxiety, 14.4% high anxiety and 20.9% presented severe levels of anxiety in the selected sample. Anxiety was higher in the female sex and in the age range of young adults (18 - 25 years) with 70.7%. Dental anxiety is explained as an emotional state of worry and stress limited to the dental environment. Such a state may involve flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive images, sleep difficulties, irritability, and concentration problems, even if dental treatment is not imminent. It has been shown that the persistence of this dental anxiety generates a delay or evasion in dental care, appointment cancellations and a greater perception of pain during treatment; In addition to being a significant predictor of poor oral health and, therefore, it generates a reduction in quality of life, causing comorbidities with generalized anxiety and depression disorders. This research seeks to generate comprehensive dental care for patients considering both physical and mental health. In this last area, dental anxiety stands out, where professionals must be prepared to know how to identify and manage it properly. For this, it is necessary to have a vast knowledge about the instruments to recognize it, approach techniques and treatment alternatives. It would be interesting to carry out future investigations regarding how the number of appointments that the patient has in treatment influences, the affiliation with the treating person and to carry out a crossover of variables between the previous negative dental experience and the age of the participants.
The objective of this research study is to determine the levels of anxiety that patients present prior to dental care, in the dental clinic of the Finis Terrae University in 2022. For this, a cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out with an effective approach population of 215 patients who met in the waiting room at the Dentistry Clinic of the Finis Terrae University, using the Modified Corah Scale (MDAS) questionnaire, which consists of 5 items, which allow the patient to be positioned between the levels of "anxiety mild/none” to “severe anxiety” The prevalence of Dental Anxiety was 35.8% null or mild, 28.8% presented moderate anxiety, 14.4% high anxiety and 20.9% presented severe levels of anxiety in the selected sample. Anxiety was higher in the female sex and in the age range of young adults (18 - 25 years) with 70.7%. Dental anxiety is explained as an emotional state of worry and stress limited to the dental environment. Such a state may involve flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive images, sleep difficulties, irritability, and concentration problems, even if dental treatment is not imminent. It has been shown that the persistence of this dental anxiety generates a delay or evasion in dental care, appointment cancellations and a greater perception of pain during treatment; In addition to being a significant predictor of poor oral health and, therefore, it generates a reduction in quality of life, causing comorbidities with generalized anxiety and depression disorders. This research seeks to generate comprehensive dental care for patients considering both physical and mental health. In this last area, dental anxiety stands out, where professionals must be prepared to know how to identify and manage it properly. For this, it is necessary to have a vast knowledge about the instruments to recognize it, approach techniques and treatment alternatives. It would be interesting to carry out future investigations regarding how the number of appointments that the patient has in treatment influences, the affiliation with the treating person and to carry out a crossover of variables between the previous negative dental experience and the age of the participants.
Description
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 2022
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Santiago, Chile
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Citation
Keywords
ANSIEDAD, PACIENTES, ATENCIÓN DENTAL, ATENCIÓN ODONTOLÓGICA
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Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)