Artículos de Revistas

URI permanente para esta colección

https://repositorio.uft.cl/handle/20.500.12254/2400

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Examinando Artículos de Revistas por Materia "3.1.4 - Neurociencias||5.1.3 - Otras Especialidades de la Psicología"

Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2
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    Ítem
    Socioeconomic status impacts metacognition of working memory and emotion recognition
    (Elsevier, 2026-07-06) Migeot, Joaquin
    Socioeconomic status (SES) affects a wide range of cognitive functions. Still, its influence on metacognition, a second-order, integrative, and regulatory cognitive process, remains unknown. We compared low and high SES adults performance in metacognition, a function critical for adaptation through the monitoring of mental and cognitive content to adjust behavior. In Study 1, participants performed a working memory task and rated the task difficulty; based on the difference between the two measures, we calculated a metacognitive index (MI). In Study II, we used a facial emotion recognition task. After each trial, participants were asked to evaluate their confidence in their task's performance, from which we calculated an MI. Study I shows that low-SES individuals have lower metacognitive performance than their high-SES counterparts in working memory. Study II indicates that low SES individuals showed poorer metacognitive performance in negative emotions than high SES individuals, which was maintained after covarying for executive functions. Overall, results suggest that low-SES adults exhibit poorer metacognition of working memory and emotion recognition than high-SES adults, representing a specific rather than a domain-general deficit in executive functions. These findings contribute to the characterization of SES-related differences in cognition and are relevant for global and disparity-inclusive approaches.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    The role of executive functions, social cognition and intelligence in predicting social adaptation of vulnerable populations
    (Springer Nature, 2022-01) Schulte, Michael
    This study sought to evaluate the roles of and interactions between cognitive processes that have been shown to exhibit impact from socioeconomic status (SES) and living conditions in predicting social adaptation (SA) in a population of adults living in socially vulnerable conditions. Participants included 226 people between the ages of 18 and 60 who have been living in vulnerable contexts throughout life in Santiago, Chile. Data was collected through a battery of psychological assessments. A structural equation model (SEM) was implemented to examine the interrelationships among cognitive and social variables. Results indicate a significant relationship between executive function (EF) and SA through both social cognition (SC) and intelligence. Theory of Mind (ToM), a omponent of SC, was shown to exhibit a significant relationship with affective empathy; interestingly, this was negatively related to SA. Moreover, fluid intelligence (FI) was found to exhibit a positive, indirect relationship with SA through vocabulary. Evaluation of these results in the context of research on the impacts of SES and vulnerable living conditions on psychological function may allow for the development of more effective clinical, political, and social interventions to support psychosocial health among socially vulnerable populations.