Dietary 1,3-diacylglycerols rich in γ-linolenic and stearidonic acids improve metabolic parameters and tissue lipid profiles in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

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dc.contributor.authorValenzuela, Rodrigo
dc.contributor.authorFarias, Camila
dc.contributor.authorMuñoz, Yasna
dc.contributor.authorAlvear, Ignacio
dc.contributor.authorEspinosa, Alejandra
dc.contributor.authorCosta de Camargo, Adriano
dc.contributor.authorLópez-Arana, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorRincón-Cervera, Miguel Ángel
dc.coverage.spatialUnited Kingdom
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-07T15:29:12Z
dc.date.available2026-09-07T15:29:12Z
dc.date.issued2026-08-03
dc.description.abstractStructured lipids (SLs) enriched in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and stearidonic acid (SDA) were synthesized as 1,3-diacylglycerols (1,3-DAGs) and evaluated in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed control or HFD diets, with or without 2% SL supplementation, for 12 weeks. HFD feeding markedly increased the body weight, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress and altered hepatic gene expression. SL supplementation significantly attenuated weight gain without affecting the energy intake, reduced hepatic steatosis and adiposity, and improved glucose homeostasis. Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and transaminase activities were normalized, while pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6) and oxidative stress markers were reduced. The antioxidant capacity was restored, with normalization of SOD, CAT, GPX, and GR activities. At the transcriptional level, SLs reactivated PPAR-alpha signaling, enhanced CPT-I and ACOX expression, and suppressed lipogenic genes (SREBP-1c, ACC, FAS), thereby promoting fatty acid oxidation and attenuating lipogenesis. Desaturase activities (Delta 5D, Delta 6D) were modulated, improving n-6/n-3 ratios in liver and adipose tissue, with tissue-specific responses observed in the brain. Dietary GLA- and SDA-enriched 1,3-DAGs reprogrammed lipid metabolism, mitigated HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction, and enhanced PUFA profiles, exerting protective effects against obesity-related dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These findings highlight their potential as functional lipids for nutritional strategies targeting obesity and metabolic disorders.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the project PID2022-143070NB-I00, funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER, EU, and by the National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT) of the Chilean National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), grant 1250619.
dc.identifier.citationFood & Function, Vol. 17, N° 15 (2026) pp- 6937-6955
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1039/d6fo01924b.
dc.identifier.issn2042-6496
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4312-1318
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/7730
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherRoyal Society of Chemestry
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectObesity
dc.subjectOxidative stress
dc.subjectInflammation
dc.subjectLipid metabolism
dc.titleDietary 1,3-diacylglycerols rich in γ-linolenic and stearidonic acids improve metabolic parameters and tissue lipid profiles in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
dc.typeArticle
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