Salud pública en tiempos de epidemia: el caso de la escarlatina en Chile, 1832 y 1842
Fecha
2021
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Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez
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0718-5456
ISSNe
0719-8949
Resumen
Este artículo estudia cómo a partir de dos epidemias de fiebre escarlatina que afectaron a Chile en 1832 y 1842 se fueron conformando y diseñando las primeras políticas de salud en el periodo. El objetivo central es analizar las medidas sanitarias que se pusieron en marcha para enfrentarlas, las cuales más allá de su implementación, fueron posicionando los temas sanitarios en la esfera pública y definiendo el papel que las autoridades gobierno debían cumplir. Proponemos que, para el caso estudiado, existió un consenso respecto a que el gobierno debía incorporar en sus funciones los temas de salud y generar medidas efectivas para frenar las malas condiciones sanitarias. Esto último permitió situar los temas de salud en un terreno de debate político que se expresó a través de la prensa.
This article aims to analyze how, from two epidemics of scarlet fever that affected Chile in 1832 and 1842, the first health policies of the period were designed. The main objective is to analyze the sanitary measures that were put in place to face them. The study framework is based on sanitary measures designed in this period, all of which, beyond their implementation, allowed for health issues to be debated in the public sphere and to defining the role of the government on this. My hypothesis is that the consensus between medical and political authorities about the need to include health issues in the governmental functions in order to take effective measures to restrain poor sanitary conditions, was the most important achievement of the period in terms of public health. This made it possible to place health issues in the realm of political debate by means of the press.
This article aims to analyze how, from two epidemics of scarlet fever that affected Chile in 1832 and 1842, the first health policies of the period were designed. The main objective is to analyze the sanitary measures that were put in place to face them. The study framework is based on sanitary measures designed in this period, all of which, beyond their implementation, allowed for health issues to be debated in the public sphere and to defining the role of the government on this. My hypothesis is that the consensus between medical and political authorities about the need to include health issues in the governmental functions in order to take effective measures to restrain poor sanitary conditions, was the most important achievement of the period in terms of public health. This made it possible to place health issues in the realm of political debate by means of the press.
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Intus - Legere Historia, Vol. 15, N°1, (2021), p. 256-282.