Metaphores of time across cultures

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dc.contributor.authorKhatin-Zadeh, Omid
dc.contributor.authorBanaruee, Hassan
dc.contributor.authorReali, Florencia
dc.contributor.authorTirado, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorRuiz-Fernández, Ssusana
dc.contributor.authorYamada, Yuki
dc.contributor.authorWang, Ruiming
dc.contributor.authorNicolas, Robin
dc.contributor.authorKhwaileh, Tariq
dc.contributor.authorSzychowska, Malina
dc.contributor.authorVestlund, Johanna
dc.contributor.authorCorrea, Juan C.
dc.contributor.authorFarsani, Danyal
dc.contributor.authorButcher, Natalie
dc.contributor.authorSom, Bidisha
dc.contributor.authorVolkonskii, Ivan
dc.contributor.authorPlevoets, Koen
dc.contributor.authorMarmolejo-Ramos, Fernando
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-25T13:27:37Z
dc.date.available2024-11-25T13:27:37Z
dc.date.issued2023-05-17
dc.description.abstractTIME is a highly abstract concept and prevalent in languages worldwide. Cross-cultural and cross-linguistic research suggests that TIME is embodied dissimilarly in different languages. Still the literature has not received sufficient attention in examining the differences. This study aimed to identify and compare how TIME is metaphorically represented and embodied worldwide. We investigated 14 languages; Arabic, Assamese, Chinese, English, Finnish, French, German, Japanese, Kikuyu, Persian, Polish, Russian, Spanish, and Swedish, which represent nine language families. The metaphors were categorized conceptually as TIME IS AN ORGANISM, TIME IS MOTION, TIME IS SPACE, and TIME IS A VALUABLE COMMODITY. We employed a two-part paper-based task. The first part consisted of generation of metaphor items and the second part consisted of a valence rating task. The key variables considered were 'metaphor category' and 'language family' while controlling for demographic variables such as gender, age and handedness. Data from 513 participants were collected. Results showed a significant association between language categories and the valences of time metaphors. The data of this study suggest that within the languages of a certain category, there might be some similarity between the valences of words that are used to realize a given conceptual metaphor.
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Cultural Cognitive Science, Vol. 7 (2023) p.219-231.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s41809-023-00125-3
dc.identifier.issn2520-100X
dc.identifier.issne2520-1018
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9412-3161
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/3898
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectTIME
dc.subjectEmbodiment
dc.subjectMetaphor
dc.subjectCulture
dc.subjectValence
dc.titleMetaphores of time across cultures
dc.typeArticle
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