Effects of Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) on Physical Performance in Animals and Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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dc.contributor.authorHuerta Ojeda, Álvaro
dc.contributor.authorRodríguez Rojas, Javiera
dc.contributor.authorCancino, Jorge
dc.contributor.authorBarahona-Fuentes, Guillermo
dc.contributor.authorPavez, Leonardo
dc.contributor.authorYeomans-Cabrera, María-Mercedes
dc.contributor.authorJorquera-Aguilera, Carlos
dc.coverage.spatialUSA
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-02T16:17:32Z
dc.date.available2025-12-02T16:17:32Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractBackground: Lepidium meyenii Walp. (LmW), known as maca, has been shown to increase physical performance. However, the effect size (ES) of LmW on the different manifestations of physical performance has not yet been described. Objectives: To examine and qualitatively describe the studies published up to 2024 that employed LmW supplementation to increase physical performance in animal and human experimentation. In addition, the ES associated with the different interventions was calculated. Methods: The research followed PRISMA® guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, using Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and MEDLINE databases until 2024. Randomized controlled studies with a pre- and post-test design, conducted both in vitro and in vivo in animals and humans, were included. Methodological quality assessment was performed using the CAMARADES tool for animal studies and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for human studies. The main variables were the forced swimming test (FST), the rota-rod test (RRT), the grip strength test (GST), blood lactic acid (BLA), and lactic acid (LA). The analysis was conducted with a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) through Hedges’ g test (95% CI). Results: Twenty-one studies were included in the systematic review and sixteen in the meta-analysis. They revealed a large effect for all outcomes (SMD: FST = 2.26, RRT = 6.26, GST = 5.23, LA = −1.01, and BLA = −1.70). Conclusions: The phytochemical compounds of LmW, mainly macamides, increase physical performance, showing a greater effect at higher doses (dose–response effect).
dc.identifier.citationNutrients, Vol 17, N° 1 (2025) p. 1-24
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/nu17010107
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-9861
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/7378
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectBrassicaceae
dc.subjectIn vitro techniques
dc.subjectIn vivo techniques
dc.subjectPhysical performance
dc.titleEffects of Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) on Physical Performance in Animals and Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
dc.typeArticle
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