A Systematic Review of Anatomical Variations of the Inferior Thyroid Artery: Clinical and Surgical Considerations

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dc.contributor.authorBruna-Mejías, Alejandro
dc.contributor.authorPérez-Farías, Carla
dc.contributor.authorPrieto-Heredia, Tamara
dc.contributor.authorVergara-Vargas, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorMartínez-Cid, Josefina
dc.contributor.authorSanchis-Gimeno, Juan
dc.contributor.authorAfandi-Rebolledo, Sary
dc.contributor.authorValdés-Orrego, Iván
dc.contributor.authorNova-Baeza, Pablo
dc.contributor.authorSuazo Santibañez, Alejandra
dc.contributor.authorValenzuela Fuenzalida, Juan José
dc.contributor.authorOrellana-Donoso, Mathias
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-30T12:27:49Z
dc.date.available2025-09-30T12:27:49Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-23
dc.description.abstractThe inferior thyroid artery (ITA) is an essential component of the thyroid gland’s vasculature, with significant clinical and surgical implications due to its anatomical variability. This systematic review aimed to describe the prevalence of ITA anatomical variants and their association with clinical conditions or surgical implications. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Scopus, and EMBASE on 20 November 2025. Eligibility criteria included studies reporting on the presence of ITA variants and their correlation with pathologies. Two authors independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the AQUA and JBI tools. Results: Of the 2647 articles identified, 19 studies involving 1118 subjects/cadavers were included. Variations in ITA origin, absence, and additional arteries were reported, with the most common variant being direct origin from the subclavian artery. Clinically, these variations were associated with increased risk of intraoperative hemorrhage, potential nerve damage, and challenges in preoperative planning, particularly during thyroidectomy and other neck procedures. Conclusions: Understanding the anatomical diversity of the ITA is crucial for reducing surgical risks and improving patient outcomes. The review highlighted the need for more standardized research protocols and comprehensive data reporting to enhance the quality of evidence in this domain. Preoperative imaging and thorough anatomical assessments tailored to individual patient profiles, considering ethnic and gender-related differences, are essential for safe surgical interventions in the thyroid region.
dc.identifier.citationDiagnostics, Vol. 15, N°15, 1858 (2025) p. 1-20.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15151858
dc.identifier.issn2075-4418
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1781-062X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/4324
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectInferior thyroid artery
dc.subjectAnatomical variations
dc.subjectClinical anatomy
dc.subjectSurgical anatomy
dc.titleA Systematic Review of Anatomical Variations of the Inferior Thyroid Artery: Clinical and Surgical Considerations
dc.typeArticle
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