Atención odontológica con sedación en pacientes adultos mayores de dificil manejo: revisión narrativa sistematizada

Abstract

Introduction: Dental care with sedation for special needs elderly patients refers to dental care for patients 60 years of age and older, who have a medical condition, which makes them lose their autonomy and ability to cooperate with dental care, therefore, the only way to carry out dental care is under sedation. Objective: Realize a systematic narrative review using the academic search engines PUBMED, EBSCO, MEDLINE, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, on dental care with sedation in elderly patients with difficult management. Method: The academic search engines PUBMED, EBSCO and SCIELO were used, the terms MESCH were used as keywords: Oral Sedation, Dentistry, Conscious Sedation, Dental Care for the Disabled, Special Needs, Oral Health, Geriatric Patient, Older Adult Patient, Frailty, Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, Aging and their spanish equivalents. The articles found were submitted to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Midazolam is the most prevailing used medication for sedation in older adults who are difficult to manage in dentistry. The indications for sedation in dentistry are: care for patients with odontophobia, mental illnesses, including dementia, therefore, for older adult patients who are difficult to manage. Can perform any type of dental procedure under sedation, as long as it is consistent with the risk that sedation entails. Conclusions: Dental care with sedation of special needs elderly patients requires further study and development of updated clinical guidelines that describe how it should be performed correctly, explaining the pre, peri, and postoperative phases from the dental point of view, in order to be able to provide elderly patients with a safe treatment that improves their quality of life.