Referentes conceptuales que predominan ante la elección de las metodologías de enseñanza y evaluación del razonamiento clínico en docentes de kinesiología del área músculo esquelética

Abstract

Clinical reasoning is an essential cognitive process for clinical practice, which must be developed and taught from the first years of training of health sciences students. In Chile, a significant number of Kinesiology Schools include the competence of clinical reasoning within their graduation profile, however, it is unknown if there is any consensus or reference framework that guides teaching practice when teaching and evaluating clinical reasoning. The aim of this study was understand the conceptual references that predominate in teaching, and evaluation of clinical reasoning in Kinesiology teachers of the musculoskeletal area in Kinesiology Careers. This study was carried out under the qualitative paradigm, with a focus on Strauss' Grounded Theory (Corbin & Strauss, 2008, 2015), with a transverse temporal sequence and prospective chronology. To obtain the data, 9 teachers were surveyed and 5 teachers were interviewed , from the Kinesiology Schools of the Catholic University of Chile and the Andrés Bello University, who accepted the informed consent approved by the ethics committee. The information collected was analyzed through the coding method and was validated through the triangulation method. The results identified 3 main categories related to the conceptual referents that predominate in the Musculoskeletal Kinesiology teachers participating in the study. These categories were: concept and context of clinical reasoning addressed in undergraduate courses, Structure of clinical reasoning and teaching methodologies. These elements account for the complexity of teaching clinical reasoning and the different elements that Kinesiology teachers consider when facilitating this competence in the classroom. The study guides the design of teacher training and education plans and contributes to improve classroom activities from the first years of training in Kinesiology.