Artículos de Revistas

URI permanente para esta colección

https://repositorio.uft.cl/handle/20.500.12254/2464

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Examinando Artículos de Revistas por Materia "18 - I+D en relación con las Ciencias humanas"

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    Ítem
    Intracranial volume variation in Chinchorro mummies: a comparative study with prehispanic farmers and contemporary Chilean populations
    (Nature, 2025-11-25) Rojas-Costa, Gonzalo M.
    The Chinchorro culture inhabited the coastal Atacama Desert between 7,500 and 3,500 years BP, maintaining a hunter-gatherer-fisher lifestyle and practicing complex mortuary rituals. With the later adoption of agriculture, shifts in subsistence strategies and burial customs emerged. This study investigated long-term biological variation across three diachronic populations from northern Chile: Archaic-period Chinchorro individuals, pre-Hispanic agriculturalists, and contemporary Chileans. Using computed tomography (CT) and 3D reconstruction techniques, we analyzed intracranial volume (ICV) and estimated stature to assess morphological differences. The results show that both ICV and stature are significantly greater in the present-day Chilean population than in the pre-Hispanic groups. The average ICV was 1,321.26 cc in Chinchorro individuals, 1,336.57 cc in pre-Hispanic agriculturalists, and 1,481.22 cc in modern Chileans—representing a 12.05% increase between the earliest and most recent groups. Males and females exhibited 14.62% and 10.81% increases, respectively. Sexual dimorphism in the ICV was lower among agriculturalists (8.97%) than among Chinchorro (10.84%) and modern individuals (13.68%). Notably, the transition to agriculture did not result in significant changes in either ICV or stature. Instead, the marked increases observed in modern individuals have been associated primarily with improved nutrition, healthcare, and overall living conditions since the 20th century.
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    Pilgrimage to sacrifice: Mechanisms, causes, and time of death of the Western Andean Capacocha of the Southern Tawantinsuyu
    (American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2026-07-15) Silva-Pinto, Verónica
    Capacocha was a key Inca state rite that intertwined pilgrimage, sacrifice, and imperial incorporation across the Andes. We present a multianalytical investigation into two Capacocha cases from the western slope of the Andes: Cerro Esmeralda, located in the coastal Atacama Desert of northern Chile, and Cerro El Plomo, in the high mountains of central Chile. Stable isotope analysis reveals commensality practices during the pilgrimage, integrating local communities into the imperial order. Furthermore, computed tomography, dermatoscopy, and skin histology provide new evidence regarding the causes and mechanisms of death, identifying violent acts associated with sacrifice. Last, we present a pair of radiocarbon dates to discuss the chronology of both Capacocha contexts. In sum, these practices specify the materialization of Inca statecraft and contribute to characterizing the complexity and diversity of Capacocha ritual as an extension of the Inca biopolitical conquest.