Examinando por Autor "Leo, Peter"

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    Ítem
    Mechanistic influence of the torque cadence relationship on power output during exhaustive all-out field tests in professional cyclists
    (Taylor & Francis, 2025-03-15) Leo, Peter; Martinez-Gonzalez, Borja; Mujika, Iñigo; Giorgi, Andrea
    Understanding the torque-cadence-power relationship can be important in assessing a cyclist’s performance potential. This study explored these relationships in elite male cyclists (N = 17; age: 24.1 ± 3.8 years; body mass: 66.0 ± 4.8 kg, critical power (CP): 5.5 ± 0.3 W.kg−1) through sprint, torque, and CP tests conducted in fresh and after accumulated work. Testing protocols, performed during a pre-season training camp, included maximal efforts across varied gear ratios and durations (15 s, 3 min, and 12 min), under stable environmental conditions (15–20°C). Results revealed reduced power output, torque, and cadence after accumulated work compared to fresh conditions (p ≤ .001). Sprint-derived maximum torque (Tmax) was strongly correlated with torque intercepts for CP fresh (r = .558, p = .020) and after accumulated work (r = .556, p = .020). The cadence relationships demonstrated a large negative correlation between maximum cadence (Cmax) and optimum cadence (Copt) from the sprint test and the 15 s, 3 min and 12 min cadence recorded during CP after accumulated work (r = -0.541 to −0.634, p = 0.006 to 0.025). These findings highlight that accumulated work-induced reductions in work capacity (W’) and CP values were accompanied by lower cadences across all effort durations.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    What Is “Zone 2 Training”?: Experts’ Viewpoint on Definition, Training Methods, and Expected Adaptations
    (Human Kinetics, Inc., 2025-02-26) Sitko, Sebastian; Artetxe, Xabier; Bonnevie-Svendsen, Martin; Galán-Rioja, Miguel Ángel; Gallo, Gabriele; Grappe, Frédéric; Leo, Peter; Mateo, Manuel; Mujika, Iñigo; Sanders, Dajo; Seiler, Stephen; Zabala, Mikel; Valenzuela, Pedro L.; Viribay, Aitor
    The role of high-volume low-intensity training for enhancing endurance performance has gained growing interest in recent years. Specifically, so-called “zone 2 training” is currently receiving much attention, and many propose that this is the target intensity at which a large proportion of total endurance training should be performed. However, despite the popularity of this concept, there is no clear consensus among coaches, athletes, and scientists regarding the definition of zone 2 training. Purpose: This commentary summarizes the perspectives, experience, and knowledge of an expert panel of 14 applied sport scientists and professional coaches with the aim of providing insight and a basis for definitional consensus on zone 2 training. Moreover, potential training strategies at this intensity are proposed, and the expected physiological adaptations when exercising at this intensity and related research gaps are also discussed. Results: Experts reached consensus that zone 2 training should preferably be performed at intensities located immediately below the first lactate or ventilatory threshold through continuous, variable, or interval-type sessions. Furthermore, experts expected a broad range of central and peripheral adaptations from zone 2 training. These expected adaptations might not be unique to zone 2 and could also be induced with sessions performed at slightly higher and lower intensities. Conclusions: This commentary provides practical insight and unified criteria regarding the preferred intensity, duration, and session type for the optimization of zone 2 training based on the perspectives of acknowledged sport scientists and professional coaches.