Examinando por Autor "Chavez-Reyes, Arturo"

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    Antidiabetic potential of extracts from Cylindropuntia imbricata (Haw.) F.M. Knuth, Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck ex Engelm., Ibervillea sonorae (S. Wats.) Greene and Theobroma cacao L.
    (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza., 2024-07-30) De la Sota- Esparza, Gastaldo Emmanuel; Alvarado-Vásquez, Marco Antonio; Rivas-Morales, Catalina; Rocha-Estrada, Alejandra; Chavez-Reyes, Arturo; Ortíz-Martínez, David Mizael
    Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects more than 537 million people in the world without decreasing. When diabetes becomes complicated, it damages several organs until it causes death. The drugs in use to counteract the disease produce side effects; a circumstance that has led to research on plants with anti-diabetic properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of extracts obtained by maceration of the following parts of the plant: Cylindropuntia imbricata (Cactaceae) cladode and seed, Opuntia engelmannii (Cactaceae) cladode and seed, Ibervillea sonorae (Cucurbitaceae) root and Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) seed mixed with solvents of different polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and methanol). A total of 24 extracts were obtained and subjected to the following analyses: 1) phytochemical screening to determine their composition, 2) toxicity in B16F10 cells using the alamar blue test, 3) antioxidant capacity through DPPH inhibition, and 4) in vitro evaluation to determine their antihyperglycemic capacity (inhibition of alpha-glucosidase). The results obtained from methanolic extracts with O. engelmannii and T. cacao seeds, as well as ethyl acetate extracts with T. cacao and C. imbricata seeds showed antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activity. No toxicity in B16F10 cells, and antidiabetic potential in vitro. La diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad que no decrece y afecta a más de 537 millones de personas en el mundo. La diabetes al complicarse daña varios órganos hasta causar la muerte. Los fármacos en uso para contrarrestar la enfermedad producen efectos secundarios; circunstancia que ha propiciado la investigación en plantas con propiedades antidiabéticas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el potencial antidiabético de los extractos obtenidos por maceración de las siguientes partes de la planta: del cladodio y semilla de Cylindropuntia imbricata (Cactaceae), del cladodio y semilla de Opuntia engelmannii (Cactaceae), de la raíz de Ibervillea sonorae (Cucurbitaceae) y de la semilla de Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) mezcladas con solventes de diferente polaridad (hexano, acetato de etilo, diclorometano y metanol). Se obtuvieron un total de 24 extractos sometidos a los análisis: 1) de cribado fitoquímico para determinar su composición, 2) de toxicidad en células B16F10 mediante la prueba de azul alamar, 3) de capacidad antioxidante a través de la inhibición de DPPH, y 4) de evaluación in vitro para conocer su capacidad antihiperglucémica (inhibición de la alfa glucosidasa). Los resultados obtenidos, de los extractos metanólicos con las semillas de O. engelmannii y T. cacao, así como los de acetato de etilo con las semillas de T. cacao y C. imbricata mostraron una actividad antioxidante y antihiperglucémica. Sin toxicidad en las células B16F10, y con potencial antidiabético in vitro.
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    Therapeutic antisense oligonucleotides in oncology: from bench to bedside
    (MDPI, 2024-08-23) Cakan, Elif; Lara, Olivia D.; Szymanowska, Anna; Bayraktar, Emine; Chavez-Reyes, Arturo; Lopez-Berestein, Gabriel; Amero, Paola; Rodriguez-Aguayo, Cristian
    Advancements in our comprehension of tumor biology and chemoresistance have spurred the development of treatments that precisely target specific molecules within the body. Despite the expanding landscape of therapeutic options, there persists a demand for innovative approaches to address unmet clinical needs. RNA therapeutics have emerged as a promising frontier in this realm, offering novel avenues for intervention such as RNA interference and the utilization of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). ASOs represent a versatile class of therapeutics capable of selectively targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and silencing disease-associated proteins, thereby disrupting pathogenic processes at the molecular level. Recent advancements in chemical modification and carrier molecule design have significantly enhanced the stability, biodistribution, and intracellular uptake of ASOs, thereby bolstering their therapeutic potential. While ASO therapy holds promise across various disease domains, including oncology, coronary angioplasty, neurological disorders, viral, and parasitic diseases, our review manuscript focuses specifically on the application of ASOs in targeted cancer therapies. Through a comprehensive examination of the latest research findings and clinical developments, we delve into the intricacies of ASO-based approaches to cancer treatment, shedding light on their mechanisms of action, therapeutic efficacy, and prospects.
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    Therapeutic effects of WT1 silencing via respiratory administration of neutral DOPC Liposomal-siRNA in a lung metastasis melanoma murine model
    (MDPI, 2023-03-22) Ramos-Gonzalez, Martin R.; Vazquez-Garza, Eduardo; Garcia-Rivas, Gerardo; Rodriguez-Aguayo, Cristian; Chavez-Reyes, Arturo
    The lungs represent a frequent target for metastatic melanoma as they offer a high-oxygen environment for tumor development. The overexpression of the WT1 protein has been associated with the occurrence of melanoma. In this study, we evaluated the effects of silencing the WT1 protein by siRNA in both in vitro in the B16F10 melanoma cell line and in vivo in a murine model of lung metastatic melanoma. We did this by implementing a novel respiratory delivery strategy of a neutral DOPC liposomal-siRNA system (L-siRNA). In vitro studies showed an effective silencing of the WT1 protein in the siRNAs’ WT1-treated cells when compared with controls, resulting in a loss of the cell’s viability and proliferation by inducing G1 arrest, the inhibition of the migration and invasion capacities of the cells, as well as the induction of apoptosis. In vivo, the respiratory administration of L-WT1 siRNA showed an efficient biodistribution on the lungs. After two weeks of treatment, the silencing of the WT1 protein resulted in an important antitumor activity that reduced the tumor weight. In the survival study, L-WT1 treatment could significantly delay the death of the animals. This work demonstrates the efficacy of the L-siRNA respiratory administration as a novel therapy to reduce pulmonary tumors and to increase survivability by silencing specific cancer oncogenes as WT1.