Examinando por Autor "Afandi-Rebolledo, Sary"

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    A Systematic Review of Anatomical Variations of the Inferior Thyroid Artery: Clinical and Surgical Considerations
    (MDPI, 2025-07-23) Bruna-Mejías, Alejandro; Pérez-Farías, Carla; Prieto-Heredia, Tamara; Vergara-Vargas, Fernando; Martínez-Cid, Josefina; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan; Afandi-Rebolledo, Sary; Valdés-Orrego, Iván; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Suazo Santibañez, Alejandra; Valenzuela Fuenzalida, Juan José; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias
    The inferior thyroid artery (ITA) is an essential component of the thyroid gland’s vasculature, with significant clinical and surgical implications due to its anatomical variability. This systematic review aimed to describe the prevalence of ITA anatomical variants and their association with clinical conditions or surgical implications. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Scopus, and EMBASE on 20 November 2025. Eligibility criteria included studies reporting on the presence of ITA variants and their correlation with pathologies. Two authors independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the AQUA and JBI tools. Results: Of the 2647 articles identified, 19 studies involving 1118 subjects/cadavers were included. Variations in ITA origin, absence, and additional arteries were reported, with the most common variant being direct origin from the subclavian artery. Clinically, these variations were associated with increased risk of intraoperative hemorrhage, potential nerve damage, and challenges in preoperative planning, particularly during thyroidectomy and other neck procedures. Conclusions: Understanding the anatomical diversity of the ITA is crucial for reducing surgical risks and improving patient outcomes. The review highlighted the need for more standardized research protocols and comprehensive data reporting to enhance the quality of evidence in this domain. Preoperative imaging and thorough anatomical assessments tailored to individual patient profiles, considering ethnic and gender-related differences, are essential for safe surgical interventions in the thyroid region.
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    Internal carotid artery agenesis: a systematic review of prevalence, basal brain circulation variations, and associated pathologies
    (Springer Nature, 2025-07-05) Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan; Afandi-Rebolledo, Sary; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; García-Mena, Paloma; Suazo Santibañez, Alejandro; Peñailillo-Ibarra, Rocío; Valdés-Orrego, Iván; Valenzuela Fuenzalida, Juan José
    The internal carotid artery (ICA) is a crucial vessel, and its congenital absence, known as ICA agenesis, is a rare vascular anomaly. This systematic review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the available evidence on this condition. We systematically searched multiple databases from inception until January 2024. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts, and a third reviewer was involved if consensus could not be reached. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using validated the AQUA tool and the JBI critical appraisal checklist tool. A total of 138 (7.8%) articles out of 1,778 met the inclusion criteria, reporting 2040 subjects from which 176 presented (8.6%) ICA agenesis. Most of the studies were case reports (96%), and the included studies originated from various countries, with the United States (17.39%), Japan (14.49%), Turkey (10.87%), and India (10.14%) contributing the most. Left-sided agenesis was the most common (67.39%), followed by right-sided (42.03%) and bilateral (22.46%) agenesis. The most reported clinical manifestations were Horner’s syndrome, increased risk of intracranial aneurysms, and pituitary gland abnormalities. ICA agenesis is a rare vascular anomaly with a left-sided predominance. While some patients may develop associated clinical conditions, many remain asymptomatic due to the development of robust collateral circulation. Comprehensive preoperative evaluation and awareness of these anatomical variations are crucial to guide surgical planning and minimize the risk of complications. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024592673.