In this paper, six mathematics curriculum changes in Iran will be reviewed, spanning from 1900 until the present time. At first, change forces, barriers, and the main features of each curriculum reform will be represented. ...

In this paper, six mathematics curriculum changes in Iran are reviewed, spanning from 1900 to 2021. Change of forces, barriers, and the main features of each reform are represented. Specifically, the first five curriculum ...

The main purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual understanding of the irrational number of the square root of 2 ( 2 ). Participants in the study were 20 ninth-grade male students. Activity Theory was used as a ...