El pensamiento antivacuna de Alfredo Helsby Hazell: Controversias y debates a fines del siglo XIX e inicios del siglo XX en Chile
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2022-06
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Sociedad Chilena de Infectología
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0716-1018
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El objetivo central de este artículo, es reconstruir los principales argumentos contrarios a la vacunación que circularon en Chile durante fines del siglo XIX e inicios del siglo XX. Para ello, estudiaremos la figura de Alfredo Helsby Hazell, quien fue el principal opositor que tuvo la vacuna en Chile y publicó diversos escritos en los que desarrolló y difundió sus ideas. A través de éstos, observamos que Helsby argumentó su rechazo a la vacunación a partir de la defensa del higienismo y de la desconfianza respecto de las explicaciones de carácter científico que se comenzaron a difundir a partir de la teoría de los gérmenes. Ello se articuló con la defensa de la salud como un ámbito privado de acción, criticando la intervención del Estado en dichas materias.
This article reconstructs the main arguments against vaccination that circulated in Chile during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. For this purpose, we will study the figure of Alfredo Helsby Hazell, who was the primary opponent of vaccination in Chile and published several writings in which he developed and disseminated his ideas. We observe that Helsby argued his rejection of vaccination from the defence of hygienism and distrust of the scientific explanations that began to spread from the germ theory. This was articulated with the defence of health as a private sphere of action, criticizing the intervention of the State in such matters.
This article reconstructs the main arguments against vaccination that circulated in Chile during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. For this purpose, we will study the figure of Alfredo Helsby Hazell, who was the primary opponent of vaccination in Chile and published several writings in which he developed and disseminated his ideas. We observe that Helsby argued his rejection of vaccination from the defence of hygienism and distrust of the scientific explanations that began to spread from the germ theory. This was articulated with the defence of health as a private sphere of action, criticizing the intervention of the State in such matters.
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Revista Chilena de Infectología, Vol. 39, N°3 (2022) p. 311-317.
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Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)