Socioeconomic status impacts metacognition of working memory and emotion recognition

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dc.contributor.authorMigeot, Joaquin
dc.contributor.authorWen, Olivia
dc.contributor.authorOlivares, Daniela
dc.contributor.authorMorales, Juan-Pablo
dc.contributor.authorFranco-O'Byrne, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorRodriguez-Villagra, Odir A.
dc.contributor.authorIbaƱez, Agustin
dc.contributor.authorHuepe, David
dc.coverage.spatialReino Unido
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-12T18:30:05Z
dc.date.available2026-08-12T18:30:05Z
dc.date.issued2026-07-06
dc.description.abstractSocioeconomic status (SES) affects a wide range of cognitive functions. Still, its influence on metacognition, a second-order, integrative, and regulatory cognitive process, remains unknown. We compared low and high SES adults performance in metacognition, a function critical for adaptation through the monitoring of mental and cognitive content to adjust behavior. In Study 1, participants performed a working memory task and rated the task difficulty; based on the difference between the two measures, we calculated a metacognitive index (MI). In Study II, we used a facial emotion recognition task. After each trial, participants were asked to evaluate their confidence in their task's performance, from which we calculated an MI. Study I shows that low-SES individuals have lower metacognitive performance than their high-SES counterparts in working memory. Study II indicates that low SES individuals showed poorer metacognitive performance in negative emotions than high SES individuals, which was maintained after covarying for executive functions. Overall, results suggest that low-SES adults exhibit poorer metacognition of working memory and emotion recognition than high-SES adults, representing a specific rather than a domain-general deficit in executive functions. These findings contribute to the characterization of SES-related differences in cognition and are relevant for global and disparity-inclusive approaches.
dc.identifier.citationNeuroscience, Vol. 611 (2026) 317-323
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2026.07.006
dc.identifier.issn0306-4522
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7304-5256
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/7696
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.rightsAtribuciĆ³n-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectSocioeconomic status
dc.subjectMetacognition
dc.subjectWorking memory
dc.subjectEmotion recognition
dc.titleSocioeconomic status impacts metacognition of working memory and emotion recognition
dc.typeArticle
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