Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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dc.contributor.authorLoaiza-Giraldo, Jessica Paola
dc.contributor.authorAmigo-Fierro, Florencia
dc.contributor.authorCancino-Castro, Camila Ignacia
dc.contributor.authorDonoso-Emig, Matias
dc.contributor.authorSatea, Murtaja
dc.contributor.authorFarías-Quinteros, Ignacia
dc.contributor.authorBruna-Mejias, Alejandro
dc.contributor.authorNova-Baeza, Pablo
dc.contributor.authorOrellana-Donoso, Mathias
dc.contributor.authorGutiérrez-Espinoza, Héctor
dc.contributor.authorCifuentes-Suazo, Gloria
dc.contributor.authorSanchis-Gimeno, Juan
dc.contributor.authorPiagkou, Maria
dc.contributor.authorValenti, Vitor E.
dc.contributor.authorLeon-Rojas, Jose E.
dc.contributor.authorValenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José
dc.coverage.spatialReino Unido
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-16T18:55:38Z
dc.date.available2026-09-16T18:55:38Z
dc.date.issued2026-06-05
dc.description.abstractObjectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased cardiometabolic and inflammatory burden. Zinc plays a key biological role in insulin synthesis, storage, signalling and antioxidant defence; however, the clinical relevance and consistency of zinc supplementation effects in diabetes remain uncertain. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and Google Scholar was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing zinc supplementation in individuals with diabetes, gestational diabetes or prediabetes. Results: Eighteen RCTs involving 1023 participants met the eligibility criteria. Zinc supplementation significantly increased plasma zinc concentrations (MD = 7.80; 95% CI 4.33 to 11.26) and improved insulin resistance, as reflected by reductions in serum insulin (MD = -2.50; 95% CI -4.69 to -0.31) and HOMA-IR (MD = -1.10; 95% CI -2.05 to -0.15). Total cholesterol decreased modestly but significantly (MD = -5.70; 95% CI -7.50 to -3.89), representing a relatively small absolute reduction, while LDL cholesterol showed a modest increase (MD = 3.46; 95% CI 1.48 to 5.43), although the clinical relevance of this finding remains uncertain. Inflammatory and oxidative stress markers improved, including reductions in C-reactive protein (SMD = -0.91; 95% CI -1.43 to -0.38) and malondialdehyde (SMD = -0.76; 95% CI -1.34 to -0.18), alongside an increase in total antioxidant capacity (SMD = 1.79; 95% CI 0.68 to 2.91). Conclusions: Zinc supplementation was associated with improvements in insulin resistance, inflammatory status and oxidative stress markers in individuals with diabetes.
dc.identifier.citationEndocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Vol. 9, N° 5 (2026) pp. 1-22
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70264
dc.identifier.issn2398-9238
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1781-062X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/7741
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd.
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectdiabetes mellitus
dc.subjectinflammation
dc.subjectinsulin resistance
dc.subjectoxidative stress
dc.subjectrandomized controlled trials
dc.subjecttype 2 diabetes
dc.subjectzinc supplementation
dc.titleEffects of Zinc Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
dc.typeArticle
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