Díaz, Franco2024-07-092024-07-092023-03American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol 207, N° 6 (2023) p. 780-7831073-449Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12254/3770The role of supraphysiological airway pressure and VT in lung damage during mechanical ventilation (MV) has been studied in-depth, the phenomenon called ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Following the same principles, strenuous pontaneous breathing can also be harmful, and the concept of patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) is proposed (1). However, establishing P-SILI as a pathological entity in acute patients is challenging. There are few P-SILI models focusing on the respiratory effort during MV, showing histological damage in animals with intense respiratory effort (2–4). On the contrary, data regarding strong unassisted spontaneous breathing without MV is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to compare the histopathological findings in animals with acute lung injury (ALI) treated without ventilatory support, injurious MV, and protective MV.enAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)P-SILIVILIARDSLung mechanicsMechanical ventilationLesión pulmonar inducida por ventilación mecánicaMechanical VentilationP-SILIVILIArtículohttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-074Xhttps://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202207-1360LE1535-4970